The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Global patterns of introduction effort and establishment success in birds
Open accessAbstract
Theory suggests that introduction effort (propagule size or number) should be a key determinant of establishment success for exotic species. Unfortunately, however, propagule pressure is not recorded for most introductions. Studies must therefore either use proxies whose efficacy must be largely assumed, or ignore effort altogether. The results of such studies will be flawed if effort is not distributed at random with respect to other characteristics that are predicted to influence success. We use global data for more than 600 introduction events for birds to show that introduction effort is both the strongest correlate of introduction success, and correlated with a large number of variables previously thought to influence success. Apart from effort, only habitat generalism relates to establishment success in birds.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Progress in invasion biology: predicting invaders
Kolar, C. S., & Lodge, D. M. (2001) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(01)02101-2 · Cited by 2,825
Cited by
Brain size predicts the success of mammal species introduced into novel environments
Sol, D., Bacher, S., Reader, S. M., & Lefebvre, L. (2008) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/588304 · Cited by 437
Self-citationBiological invasions, climate change and genomics
Chown, S. L., Hodgins, K. A., Griffin, P. C., Oakeshott, J. G., Byrne, M., & Hoffmann, A. A. (2015) · Evolutionary Applications · doi:10.1111/eva.12234 · Cited by 284
Carrete, M., & Tella, J. L. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018859 · Cited by 224
Location-level processes drive the establishment of alien bird populations worldwide
Redding, D. W., Pigot, A. L., Dyer, E. E., Şekercioğlu, Ç. H., Kark, S., & Blackburn, T. M. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1292-2 · Cited by 99
Self-citationCorrelates of naturalization and occupancy of introduced ornamentals in Germany
Hanspach, J., Kühn, I., Pyšek, P., Boos, E., & Klotz, S. (2008) · Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2008.05.001 · Cited by 88
Metadata
- Authors
- Cassey, P., Blackburn, T. M., Sol, D., Duncan, R. P., & Lockwood, J. L.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2004-12-07
- Volume
- 271
- Issue
- suppl_6
- Pages
- S405-8
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- OpenAlex
- W2067445791
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Global patterns of introduction effort and establishment success in birds. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0199
- The paper
- Cassey, P., Blackburn, T. M., Sol, D., Duncan, R. P., & Lockwood, J. L. (2004). Global patterns of introduction effort and establishment success in birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0199
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.