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Cited by 115Wood Treatment and PropertiesNatural Fiber Reinforced CompositesHygrothermal properties of building materials

Cell wall microstructure, pore size distribution and absolute density of hemp shiv

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Jiang, Y., Lawrence, M., Ansell, M. P., Hussain, A.·2018·Royal Society Open Science
DOI 10.1098/rsos.171945PMC PMC5936917
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Abstract

This paper, for the first time, fully characterizes the intrinsic physical parameters of hemp shiv including cell wall microstructure, pore size distribution and absolute density. Scanning electron microscopy revealed microstructural features similar to hardwoods. Confocal microscopy revealed three major layers in the cell wall: middle lamella, primary cell wall and secondary cell wall. Computed tomography improved the visualization of pore shape and pore connectivity in three dimensions. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) showed that the average accessible porosity was 76.67 ± 2.03% and pore size classes could be distinguished into micropores (3–10 nm) and macropores (0.1–1 µm and 20–80 µm). The absolute density was evaluated by helium pycnometry, MIP and Archimedes' methods. The results show that these methods can lead to misinterpretation of absolute density. The MIP method showed a realistic absolute density (1.45 g cm −3 ) consistent with the density of the known constituents, including lignin, cellulose and hemi-cellulose. However, helium pycnometry and Archimedes’ methods gave falsely low values owing to 10% of the volume being inaccessible pores, which require sample pretreatment in order to be filled by liquid or gas. This indicates that the determination of the cell wall density is strongly dependent on sample geometry and preparation.

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Authors
Jiang, Y., Lawrence, M., Ansell, M. P., & Hussain, A.
Affiliations
University of Bath (GB)
Corresponding author
Jiang, Y.
ORCID
Venue
Royal Society Open Science
Publisher
The Royal Society
Published
2018-04
Volume
5
Issue
4
Pages
171945
ISSN
2054-5703 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1098/rsos.171945
PMC
PMC5936917
OpenAlex
W2795967738
Cited by
115
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7
FWCI
9.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Royal Society Open Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
H2020 European Research Council (636835)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Wood Treatment and Properties
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Hygrothermal properties of building materials
Keywords
hemp shiv, cell wall microstructure, pore size distribution, absolute density, accessible porosity, middle lamella, primary cell wall, secondary cell wall, mercury intrusion porosimetry, helium pycnometry, Archimedes method, sample preparation, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, specimen geometry

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