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Advancements in application of modified biochar as a green and low-cost adsorbent for wastewater remediation from organic dyes
Abstract
Synthetic organic dyes, which are resistant to biodegradation, pose a notable health risk, potentially leading to cancer and respiratory infections. Researchers have addressed this concern by exploring physicochemical methods to remove organic dyes from wastewater. A particularly promising solution involves modified biochar adsorbents, which demonstrate high efficiency in organic dye removal. Biochar, a charcoal-like material derived from biomass pyrolysis, offers advantages such as low cost, eco-friendliness, high efficiency and reusability. Beyond its role in sustainable soil remediation, biochar proves effective in removing organic dyes from wastewater after undergoing physical or chemical modification. Acid–base activation or metal–heteroatom impregnation enhances biochar's adsorption capacity. This comprehensive review examines the attributes of biochar, common methods for production and modification, and the impacts of raw materials, pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and residence time. It further elucidates the biochar adsorption mechanism in the removal of organic dyes, assessing factors influencing efficiency, including biochar feedstock, solution pH, adsorption temperature, particle size, initial dye concentration, biochar dosage and reaction time. It explores challenges, opportunities, reusability and regeneration methods of biochar in treating organic dye wastewater. It also discusses recent advances in organic dye removal using adsorption-based biochar. The review ultimately advocates for enhancing biochar's adsorption performance through post-modification.
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Biochar has been promoted as a low-cost alternative to activated carbon.
“It has been promoted as a low-cost alternative to activated carbon.[7,8]”
From Biomass-Derived Biochar for The Removal of Textile Dyes from Aqueous Solutions: A Review (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
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Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: A review
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Adsorption of VOCs onto engineered carbon materials: A review
Zhang, X., Gao, B., Creamer, A. E., Cao, C., & Li, Y. (2017) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.013 · Cited by 1,479 · cited 1×
“The alkali treatment enlarges micropores into mesopores by inducing carbon loss, creating a pathway for adsorbent transport, resulting in enhanced adsorption capacity [117,118].”
BackgroundEffectiveness and mechanisms of dye adsorption on a straw-based biochar
Qiu, Y., Zheng, Z., Zhou, Z., & Sheng, G. D. (2009) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.054 · Cited by 342
Distinct Approaches of Removal of Dyes from Wastewater: A Review
Bal, G., & Thakur, A. (2022) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.09.119 · Cited by 285
Preparation of Acid- and Alkali-Modified Biochar for Removal of Methylene Blue Pigment
Liu, C., Wang, W., Wu, R., Liu, Y., Lin, X., Kan, H., & Zheng, Y. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c03688 · Cited by 210
Ahmed, H. R., Hama Aziz, K. H., Agha, N. N. M., Mustafa, F. S., & Hinder, S. J. (2023) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d3ra04566h · Cited by 62
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biomass-Derived Biochar for The Removal of Textile Dyes from Aqueous Solutions: A Review
Srijayathi, I., Boddupally, M., Qaiyum, M. A., & Ramesh, G. V. (2026) · EPJ Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/epjconf/202635602007
Metadata
- Authors
- Hama Aziz, K. H., Fatah, N. M., & Muhammad, K. T.
- Venue
- Royal Society Open Science
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2024-05
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 2054-5703
- PMC
- PMC11285854
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
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