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Non-adiabatic crossing of energy levels
Open accessAbstract
Abstract The crossing of energy levels has been a matter of considerable discussion. The essential features may be illustrated in the crossing of a polar and homopolar state of a molecule. Let ψ1 (x/R), ψ2 (x/R) be two electronic eigenfunctions of a molecule with stationary nuclei. Let these eigenfunctions have the property that for R≫R0, ψ1 has polar characteristics, ψ2 homopolar; while at R≪R0, ψ2 has polar characteristics, ψ1 homopolar. In the region R=R0 these two eigenfunctions may be said to exchange their characteristics.
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“For the mode coupling stages of the process, the problem can be described by analogy with the Landau-Zener (LZ) model [48, 49].”
From Quantisation of the elliptical Penning trap (2021) · cites this paper as [49]
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Gietka, K., Metz, F., Keller, T., & Li, J. (2021) · Quantum · doi:10.22331/q-2021-07-01-489 · Cited by 45
Experimental simulation of Dirac equation in superconducting qubits
Zhang, Y., Xu, J., Ma, Z., Zheng, W., Lan, D., Tan, X., & Yu, Y. (2025) · Communications Physics · doi:10.1038/s42005-025-02112-2 · Cited by 3
Quantisation of the elliptical Penning trap
Crimin, F., Garraway, B. M., & Verdú, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6455/abfeda · Cited by 1
“For the mode coupling stages of the process, the problem can be described by analogy with the Landau–Zener (LZ) model [48, 49].”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Zener, C.
- Affiliations
- National Research Fellow of U. S. A.
- Corresponding author
- Zener, Clarence
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 1932-09-01
- Volume
- 137
- Issue
- 833
- Pages
- 696-702
- ISSN
- 0950-1207 (ISSN-L)
- 2053-9150
- OpenAlex
- W1981659415
- Cited by
- 4,572
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 92 · 2025: 129 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 141 · 2022: 147 · 2021: 137 · 2020: 138 · 2019: 158 · 2018: 173 · 2017: 156 · 2016: 156 · 2015: 145 · 2014: 160 · 2013: 164 · 2012: 116
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Keywords
- energy level crossing, molecular electronic states, diatomic molecules, adiabatic approximation
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