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Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution.—On a form of spurious correlation which may arise when indices are used in the measurement of organs
Abstract
(1) If the ratio of two absolute measurements on the same or different organs be taken it is convenient to term this ratio an index. If u = f1(x, y) and v = f2(x, y) be two functions of the three variables x, y, z, and these variables be selected at random so that there exists no correlation between x, y, y, z, or z, x, there will still be found to exist correlation between u and v. Thus a real danger arises when a statistical biologist attribntes the correlation between two functions like u and v to organic relationship. The particular case that is likely to occur is when u and v are indices with the same denominator for the correlation of indices seems at first sight a very plausible measure of organic correlation.
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Cited by
Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., et al. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2018 · Cited by 5,286
The Statistical Analysis of Compositional Data
Aitchison, J. (1982) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1982.tb01195.x · Cited by 3,405
Microbiome Datasets Are Compositional: And This Is Not Optional
Gloor, G. B., Macklaim, J. M., Pawlowsky-Glahn, V., & Egozcue, J. J. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02224 · Cited by 3,044
Glass, G. V., Peckham, P. D., & Sanders, J. R. (1972) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543042003237 · Cited by 1,826
Fernandes, A. D., Reid, J. N., Macklaim, J. M., McMurrough, T. A., Edgell, D. R., & Gloor, G. B. (2014) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/2049-2618-2-15 · Cited by 1,329
Metadata
- Authors
- Pearson, K.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 1897-12-31
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 359-367
- Pages
- 489-498
- ISSN
- 0370-1662 (ISSN-L)
- 2053-9126
- OpenAlex
- W1979579723
- Cited by
- 1,130
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Pearson, K. (1897). Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution.—On a form of spurious correlation which may arise when indices are used in the measurement of organs. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1896.0076
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