Characterizing traumatic brain injury and its association with homelessness in a community-based sample of precariously housed adults and youth
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1177/07067437211000665 · Paper page
Abstract
We characterized the prevalence, mechanisms, and sex difference of lifetime traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a precariously housed sample. We also examined the impact of TBI severity and timing on becoming and staying homeless. 285 precariously housed participants (adults n = 226, youths n = 59) completed the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire (BISQ) in addition to other health assessments. A history of TBI was reported in 82.1% of the sample, with 64.6% reporting > 1 TBI, and 21.4% reporting a moderate or severe TBI (msTBI). 10.1% of adults had traumatically-induced lesions on MRI scans. Assault was the most common mechanism of injury overall, and females reported significantly more TBIs due to physical abuse than males (adjusted OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.14 – 1.39, p = 9.18e -6 ). The first msTBI was significantly closer to the first experience of homelessness ( b = 2.79, p = 0.003) and precarious housing ( b = 2.69, p = 7.47e -4 ) than was the first mild TBI. Traumatic brain injuries more proximal to the initial loss of stable housing were associated with a longer lifetime duration of homelessness (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02 – 1.06, p = 6.8e -6 ) and precarious housing (RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01 – 1.04, p = 5.5e -10 ). These findings demonstrate the high prevalence of TBI in vulnerable persons and the severity- and timing-related risk that TBI may confer for the onset and prolongation of homelessness.
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Cites
Sariaslan, A., Sharp, D. J., D’Onofrio, B. M., Larsson, H., & Fazel, S. (2016) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002103 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Honer, W. G., Cervantes-Larios, A., Jones, A. A., Vila-Rodriguez, F., Montaner, J. S., Tran, H., Nham, J., Panenka, W. J., Lang, D. J., Thornton, A. E., et al. (2017) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743717693781 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationKozloff, N., Stergiopoulos, V., Adair, C. E., Cheung, A. H., Misir, V., Townley, G., Bourque, J., Krausz, M., & Goering, P. (2016) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500461 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Barbic, S. P., Jones, A. A., Woodward, M., Piercy, M., Mathias, S., Vila-Rodriguez, F., Leonova, O., Smith, G. N., Buchanan, T., Vertinsky, A. T., et al. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.17269/s41997-018-0087-9 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Stubbs, J. L., Thornton, A. E., Gicas, K. M., O’Connor, T. A., Livingston, E. M., Lu, H. Y., Mehta, A. K., Lang, D. J., Vertinsky, A. T., Field, T. S., Heran, M. K., Leonova, O., Buchanan, T., Barr, A. M., MacEwan, G. W., Honer, W. G., & Panenka, W. J.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Panenka, William J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2019-08-23
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 207-215
- ISSN
- 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8935598
- OpenAlex
- W3137177054
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 3.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Provincial Health Services Authority
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CBG101827, 137103_1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, homelessness, housing insecurity, housing instability, TBI severity, physical assault, intimate partner violence, sex differences, duration of homelessness
- MeSH terms
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Female, Ill-Housed Persons, Housing, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Vulnerable Populations
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