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Long term survival of Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains in mixed cultures under electron acceptor and ammonium limitation
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1093/femsmc/xtac021 · Paper page
Abstract
Few strains of Dehalococcoides mccartyi harbour and express the vinyl chloride reductase (VcrA) that catalyzes the dechlorination of vinyl chloride (VC), a carcinogenic soil and groundwater contaminant. The vcrA operon is found on a Genomic Island (GI) and therefore believed to participate in horizontal gene transfer. To try to induce horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA -GI, we blended two enrichment cultures in medium without ammonium while providing VC. We hypothesized that these conditions would select for a mutant strain of D. mccartyi that could both fix nitrogen and respire VC. However, after more than 4 years of incubation, we found no evidence for horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA -GI. Rather, we observed VC-dechlorinating activity attributed to the trichloroethene reductase TceA. Sequencing and protein modelling revealed a mutation in the predicted active site of TceA which may have influenced substrate specificity. We also identified two nitrogen-fixing D. mccartyi strains in the KB-1 culture. The presence of multiple strains of D. mccartyi with distinct phenotypes is a feature of natural environments and certain enrichment cultures (such as KB-1) and may enhance bioaugmentation success. The fact that multiple distinct strains persist in the culture for decades and that we could not induce horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA -GI suggests that it is not as mobile as predicted, or that mobility is restricted in ways yet to be discovered to specific sub-clades of Dehalococcoides . TOC Art:
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Metadata
- Authors
- Morson, N., Molenda, O., Picott, K. J., Richardson, R. E., & Edwards, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Edwards, Elizabeth A.
- Venue
- FEMS Microbes
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2020-12-20
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- xtac021-xtac021
- ISSN
- 2633-6685 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10117805
- OpenAlex
- W4284971694
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 0.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- FEMS Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Genome Canada (2009-OGI-ABC-1405)
- Ontario Genomics
- Government of Ontario (ORF-GL2)
- Government of Canada
- Ontario Genomics Institute (2009‐OGI‐ABC‐1405)
- University of Toronto
- Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (W912HQ-07-C-0036, ER-1586)
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (2009-OGI-ABC-1405)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Keywords
- Dehalococcoides mccartyi, genomic islands, horizontal gene transfer, nitrogen fixation, ammonium limitation, strain persistence, bioaugmentation
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