SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients
Open accessAbstract
COVID-19 vaccine protection against infection in immunosuppressed solid organ transplant recipients is unknown but possibly weak with the low proportion of these patients mounting a robust humoral and cellular immune response after vaccination. Using a retrospective cohort study design with cross-over, we assessed vaccine effectiveness among 782 kidney transplant recipients registered at Hamad Medical Corporation, the national public healthcare provider in Qatar, where the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines have been used in the national immunization campaign. Vaccine effectiveness against any SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated at 46.6% (95% CI: 0.0-73.7%) ≥14 days after the second dose, 66.0% (95% CI: 21.3-85.3%) ≥42 days after the second dose, and 73.9% (95% CI: 33.0-89.9%) ≥56 days after the second dose. Vaccine effectiveness against any severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 disease was estimated at 72.3% (95% CI: 0.0-90.9%) ≥14 days after the second dose, 85.0% (95% CI: 35.7-96.5%) ≥42 days after the second dose, and 83.8% (95% CI: 31.3-96.2%) ≥56 days after the second dose. Most vaccine breakthrough infections occurred in the first few weeks after receiving the first and/or second dose. Vaccine effectiveness reached considerable levels in kidney transplant recipients, but vaccine protection mounted slowly and did not reach a high level until several weeks after the second dose.
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The small number of third primary-series doses administered to immunocompromised individuals is not likely to affect the vaccine effectiveness estimates.
“While nearly all third doses were administered as booster doses, few hundreds of them were administered as third primary-series doses for the immunocompromised population. However, this is not likely to affect our estimates as the number of immunocompromised individuals is very small in Qatar30, compared to the number of individuals who received the third dose as a booster dose.”
From Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
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Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar
Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., AlMukdad, S., Coyle, P., Tang, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., Smatti, M. K., Hasan, M. R., Al-Kanaani, Z., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Chemaitelly, H., AlMukdad, S., Joy, J. P., Ayoub, H. H., Yassine, H. M., Benslimane, F. M., Al Khatib, H. A., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Coyle, P., Al Kanaani, Z., Al Kuwari, E., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Abdul Rahim, H. F., Nasrallah, G. K., Al Kuwari, M. G., Butt, A. A., Al Romaihi, H. E., Al-Thani, M. H., Alkadi, M. M., Ali, O., Al-Maslamani, M., Bertollini, R., Al Malki, H., Almaslamani, Y., Abu-Raddad, L. J., & Al Khal, A.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Hamad Medical Corporation (QA)
- Qatar University (QA)
- Sidra Medical and Research Center (QA)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Ministry of Public Health (QA)
- Corresponding author
- Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
- ORCID
- Chemaitelly, Hiam
- AlMukdad, Sawsan
- Ayoub, Houssein H.
- Yassine, Hadi M.
- Benslimane, Fatiha M.
- Tang, Patrick
- Hasan, Mohammad R.
- Coyle, Peter
- Al Kanaani, Zaina
- Al Kuwari, Einas
- Jeremijenko, Andrew
- Kaleeckal, Anvar Hassan
- Latif, Ali Nizar
- Shaik, Riyazuddin Mohammad
- Abdul Rahim, Hanan F.
- Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
- Al Kuwari, Mohamed Ghaith
- Butt, Adeel A.
- Al-Thani, Mohamed H.
- Alkadi, Mohamad M.
- Al-Maslamani, Muna
- Bertollini, Roberto
- Al Malki, Hassan
- Almaslamani, Yousuf
- Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
- Venue
- medRxiv
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2021-08-09
- OpenAlex
- W3192169325
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Hamad Medical Corporation
- Weill Cornell Medical College
- Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- kidney transplant recipients, immunosuppression, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, COVID-19 pandemic, breakthrough infection, severe COVID-19, solid organ transplant recipients, humoral and cellular immune response
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