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PreprintCited by 14Microtubule and mitosis dynamicsDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationCellular Mechanics and Interactions

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Aurora A and cortical flows promote polarization and cytokinesis by inducing asymmetric ECT-2 accumulation

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Longhini, Katrina M, Glotzer, Michael·2022·eLife
DOI 10.1101/2022.05.25.493449PMC PMC9799973

Preprint — published as 10.7554/elife.83992

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Abstract

In the early C. elegans embryo, cell polarization and cytokinesis are interrelated yet distinct processes. Here, we sought to understand a poorly understood aspect of cleavage furrow positioning. Early C. elegans embryos deficient in the cytokinetic regulator centralspindlin form furrows, due to an inhibitory activity that depends on aster positioning relative to the polar cortices. Here, we show polar relaxation is associated with depletion of cortical ECT-2, a RhoGEF, specifically at the posterior cortex. Asymmetric ECT-2 accumulation requires intact centrosomes, Aurora A (AIR-1), and myosin-dependent cortical flows. Within a localization competent ECT-2 fragment, we identified three putative phospho-acceptor sites in the PH domain of ECT-2 that render ECT-2 responsive to inhibition by AIR-1. During both polarization and cytokinesis, our results suggest that centrosomal AIR-1 breaks symmetry via ECT-2 phosphorylation; this local inhibition of ECT-2 is amplified by myosin-driven flows that generate regional ECT-2 asymmetry. Together, these mechanisms cooperate to induce polarized assembly of cortical myosin, contributing to both embryo polarization and cytokinesis.

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Metadata

Authors
Longhini, K. M., & Glotzer, M.
Affiliations
University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
Glotzer, Michael
ORCID
Venue
eLife
Publisher
openRxiv
Published
2022-05-25
Volume
11
ISSN
2050-084X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1101/2022.05.25.493449
PMC
PMC9799973
OpenAlex
W4313405134
Cited by
14
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1
FWCI
1.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • eLife (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Knowledge@UChicago (University of Chicago) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Chicago (cc-by)
Funders
  • École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
  • National Institutes of Health (OD010440, P40OD010440)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35GM127091)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
Keywords
AURKA, RhoGEF, cell polarization, cytokinesis, centrosome, pleckstrin homology domain, centralspindlin, Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, posterior cortex
MeSH terms
Animals, Myosins, Caenorhabditis elegans, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Cytokinesis, Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Aurora Kinase A

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