Translesion DNA Synthesis and Mutagenesis in Eukaryotes
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The structural features that enable replicative DNA polymerases to synthesize DNA rapidly and accurately also limit their ability to copy damaged DNA. Direct replication of DNA damage is termed translesion synthesis (TLS), a mechanism conserved from bacteria to mammals and executed by an array of specialized DNA polymerases. This chapter examines how these translesion polymerases replicate damaged DNA and how they are regulated to balance their ability to replicate DNA lesions with the risk of undesirable mutagenesis. It also discusses how TLS is co-opted to increase the diversity of the immunoglobulin gene hypermutation and the contribution it makes to the mutations that sculpt the genome of cancer cells.
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In eukaryotic cells, Y family (Polη, Polι, Polκ), B family (Polζ), X family (hPol β, λ, μ), and A family (θ and ν) polymerases are implicated in repair processes.
“In eukaryotic cells Y family (Polη, Polι, Polκ), B family (Polζ), X family (hPol β, λ, μ), and A (θ oraz ν) family of polymerases are implicated in repair processes [126].”
From Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies (2020) · cites this paper as [126]
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References 267 · Cited by 282
- Authors
- Sale, J. E.
- Affiliations
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sale, J. E.
- ORCID
- Sale, J. E.
- Venue
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2013-03-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- a012708-a012708
- ISSN
- 1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3578355
- OpenAlex
- W2113986107
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 267
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 4
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Keywords
- translesion synthesis, DNA polymerase, DNA damage, mutagenesis, cancer genome evolution, DNA replication, eukaryotic DNA polymerases
- MeSH terms
- DNA Damage, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Genes, Immunoglobulin, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, Mutagenesis, Genes, Neoplasm, Eukaryota
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