Promoter specificity mediates the independent regulation of neighboring genes.
Open accessAbstract
Although enhancers can exert their influence over great distances, their effect is generally limited to a single gene. To discern the mechanism by which this constraint can he mediated, we have studied three neighboring Drosophila genes: decapentaplegic (dpp), SLY1 homologous (Slh) and out at first (oaf). Several dpp enhancers are positioned close to Slh and oaf, and yet these genes are unaffected by the dpp elements. However, when a transposon is located within the oaf gene, the dpp enhancers activate the more distant transposon promoters while still ignoring the closer Slh and oaf start sites. To test whether this promoter specificity accounts for the regulatory autonomy normally found for the three genes, we used in vivo gene targeting to replace the oaf promoter with a dpp-compatible one in an otherwise normal chromosome. Strikingly, this chimeric gene is now activated by the dpp enhancers. Thus, the properties of the promoters themselves are sufficient to mediate the autonomous regulation of genes in this region.
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In the Drosophila melanogaster genome, several enhancers selectively activate only the dpp gene promoter within a 70-kilobase segment containing dpp, Slh, and oaf genes.
“A classic example is the promoters of the dpp, Slh, and oaf genes in Drosophila melanogaster. These genes are located within a 70-kilobase segment of the genome. In the same segment of the genome, there are several enhancers that selectively activate only the dpp gene promoter [135].”
From Enhancer Function in the 3D Genome (2023) · cites this paper as [135]
The Abstract reports that several dpp enhancers lie near Slh and oaf but do not activate those genes in the normal arrangement. The ‘Mechanisms mediating promoter specificity’ section identifies a dpp promoter they do activate, while also noting that compatible introduced promoters can be activated; thus ‘only’ applies to the native promoters discussed, not to all promoters. The passages do not establish the claimed 70-kilobase span. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Research works printed but not linked: 6
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- Frohman, M.A., M.K. Dush, and G.R. Martin. 1988. Rapid pro- duction of full-length cDNAs from rare transcripts: Ampli- fication using a single gene-specific oligonucleotide primer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 85: 8998-9004.
- Gelbart, W.M. 1982. Synapsis-dependent allelic complementa- tion at the decapentaplegic gene complex in Drosophila mel- anogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 79: 26362640.
- Lindsley, D.L. and G.G. Zimm. 1992. The genome o f Drosophila melanogaster. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
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Systematic analysis of intrinsic enhancer-promoter compatibility in the mouse genome
Martinez-Ara, M., Comoglio, F., van Arensbergen, J., & van Steensel, B. (2022) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2022.04.009 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Enhancer Function in the 3D Genome
Razin, S. V., Ulianov, S. V., & Iarovaia, O. V. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14061277 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Merli, C., Bergstrom, D. E., Cygan, J. A., & Blackman, R. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- ORCID
- Bergstrom, D E
- Venue
- Genes & Development
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 1996-05-15
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1260-1270
- ISSN
- 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-5477
- OpenAlex
- W2026788429
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Genes & Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Keywords
- promoter specificity, enhancer-promoter interactions, Drosophila, decapentaplegic, chimeric promoter, in vivo gene targeting
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Carrier Proteins, DNA, Drosophila, Drosophila melanogaster, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Fungal Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Insect Hormones, Molecular Sequence Data, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Genes, Insect, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Drosophila Proteins, Munc18 Proteins
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