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Cited by 905

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Plasmons, Gauge Invariance, and Mass

Anderson, P. W.·1963·Physical Review
DOI 10.1103/physrev.130.439
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Abstract

Schwinger has pointed out that the Yang-Mills vector boson implied by associating a generalized gauge transformation with a conservation law (of baryonic charge, for instance) does not necessarily have zero mass, if a certain criterion on the vacuum fluctuations of the generalized current is satisfied. We show that the theory of plasma oscillations is a simple nonrelativistic example exhibiting all of the features of Schwinger's idea. It is also shown that Schwinger's criterion that the vector field $m\ensuremath{\ne}0$ implies that the matter spectrum before including the Yang-Mills interaction contains $m=0$, but that the example of superconductivity illustrates that the physical spectrum need not. Some comments on the relationship between these ideas and the zero-mass difficulty in theories with broken symmetries are given.

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Metadata

Authors
Anderson, P. W.
Venue
Physical Review
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
1963-04-01
Volume
130
Issue
1
Pages
439-442
ISSN
0031-899X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1103/physrev.130.439
OpenAlex
W2011393113
Cited by
905
References
11
FWCI
1.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Plasmons, Gauge Invariance, and Mass. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrev.130.439
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Anderson, P. W. (1963). Plasmons, Gauge Invariance, and Mass. Physical Review. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.130.439

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.