Spectrum and entanglement of phonons in quantum fluids of light
Open accessAbstract
We study the quantum state of phonons propagating on top of a fluid of light coherently generated in a planar microcavity device by a quasiresonant incident laser beam. In the steady state under a monochromatic pump, because of the finite radiative lifetime of photons, a sizable incoherent population of low-frequency phonons is predicted to appear. Their mean occupation number differs from a Planck distribution and is independent of the photon lifetime. When the photon fluid is subjected to a sudden change of its parameters, additional phonon pairs are created in the fluid with remarkable two-mode squeezing and entanglement properties. Schemes to assess the nonseparability of the phonon state from measurements of the correlation functions of the emitted light are discussed.
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Extra fluctuations induced by the driven-dissipative nature lead to stimulation of the Hawking processes and reinforcement of the overall magnitude of the correlation signal.
“Note that the extra fluctuations induced by the driven-dissipative nature [93] lead to a stimulation of the Hawking processes and, then, a reinforcement of the overall magnitude of the correlation signal.”
From How to exploit driving and dissipation to stabilize and manipulate quantum many-body states (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
“Quantum fluctuations in the steady state” (p. 5) says environmental fluctuations heat the phonon state, and “Weak dissipation” (p. 8) reports correlations associated with dissipation. But the paper does not establish that these fluctuations stimulate Hawking processes or increase the magnitude of a Hawking correlation signal; the Conclusions (p. 12) present Hawking emission as a subject for future study. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe overall magnitude of these driven-dissipative fluctuations roughly corresponds to a temperature of the order of the interaction energy g_nl |ψ|^2, and they display interesting correlation properties.
“The overall magnitude of these fluctuations roughly corresponds to a temperature of the order of the interaction energy g nl |ψ| 2 and also display interesting correlation properties [93].”
From How to exploit driving and dissipation to stabilize and manipulate quantum many-body states (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
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Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bogoliubov Excitations Driven by Thermal Lattice Phonons in a Quantum Fluid of Light
Frérot, I., Vashisht, A., Morassi, M., Lemaître, A., Ravets, S., Bloch, J., Minguzzi, A., & Richard, M. (2023) · Physical Review X · doi:10.1103/physrevx.13.041058 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
How to exploit driving and dissipation to stabilize and manipulate quantum many-body states
Carusotto, I. (2025) · Comptes Rendus. Physique · doi:10.5802/crphys.258 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“A most remarkable prediction of this theory [69] is that the driven-dissipative stationary state displays sizable fluctuations for the field ψ , well larger than the zero-point fluctuations of the Bogoliubov ground state of the corresponding equilibrium system.”
Self-citation
- Authors
- Busch, X., Carusotto, I., & Parentani, R.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- University of Trento (IT)
- ORCID
- Carusotto, Iacopo
- Venue
- Physical Review A
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2014-04-14
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 0556-2791 (ISSN-L)
- 1050-2947
- 1094-1622
- OpenAlex
- W2021552705
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 3.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review A (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- INO Open Portal (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Trento) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-11-IDEX-0003)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Keywords
- phonons, quantum fluids of light, two-mode squeezing, entanglement, photon lifetime, phonon occupation number, nonclassical light, correlation functions, microcavities
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