The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantitative string evolution
Open accessAbstract
An analytic model of long string network evolution, recently developed by the authors, is presented in detail, and modified to describe string loop evolution. By treating the average string velocity, as well as the characteristic length scale, as dynamical variables, one can include the effects of frictional forces on the evolution of the network. This generalized "one-scale" model provides a quantitative picture of the complete evolution of a string network, including the prediction of previously unknown transient scaling regimes and a detailed analysis of the evolution of the loop population. The evolution of all cosmologically interesting string networks is studied in detail, and possible consequences of our results are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The cosmological constant problem
Weinberg, S. (1989) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.61.1 · Cited by 7,341
Cited by
The landscape of QCD axion models
Di Luzio, L., Giannotti, M., Nardi, E., & Visinelli, L. (2020) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2020.06.002 · Cited by 657
Metadata
- Authors
- Martins, C. J. A. P., & Shellard, E. P. S.
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1996-08-15
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2535-2556
- ISSN
- 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
- 1089-4918
- OpenAlex
- W1998660023
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 9.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quantitative string evolution. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrevd.54.2535
- The paper
- Martins, C. J. A. P., & Shellard, E. P. S. (1996). Quantitative string evolution. Physical Review D. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.54.2535
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
