Test of Time Dilation Using StoredLi+Ions as Clocks at Relativistic Speed
Open accessAbstract
We present the concluding result from an Ives-Stilwell-type time dilation experiment using 7Li+ ions confined at a velocity of β=v/c=0.338 in the storage ring ESR at Darmstadt. A Λ-type three-level system within the hyperfine structure of the 7Li+3S1 →3P2 line is driven by two laser beams aligned parallel and antiparallel relative to the ion beam. The lasers' Doppler shifted frequencies required for resonance are measured with an accuracy of <4×10(-9) using optical-optical double resonance spectroscopy. This allows us to verify the special relativity relation between the time dilation factor γ and the velocity β, γ√1-β2=1 to within ±2.3×10(-9) at this velocity. The result, which is singled out by a high boost velocity β, is also interpreted within Lorentz invariance violating test theories.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The experiment in Ref. [17] uses 7Li+ ions confined at a velocity of 33.8% of the speed of light.
“The experiment described in Ref. [17] uses 7 Li þ ions confined at a velocity of 33.8% of the speed of light.”
From Test of Special Relativity Using a Fiber Network of Optical Clocks (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
When neglecting higher order RMS parameters, the constraint on the Lorentz-invariance-violating parameter alpha from Ref. [17] is |alpha| <~ 2.0 x 10^-8.
“When neglecting higher order RMS parameters, the constraint on the LI violating parameter is jαj ≲ 2.0 × 10 -8 .”
From Test of Special Relativity Using a Fiber Network of Optical Clocks (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
Ives-Stillwell type experiments using heavy-ion storage rings now give the best constraint on alpha.
“With the advent of heavy-ion storage rings, Ives-Stillwell type experiments now give the best constraint on α [16,17].”
From Test of Special Relativity Using a Fiber Network of Optical Clocks (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
The second term of Eq. (6) is constant and, considering an upper bound of 2 x 10^-8 on alpha, is lower than 4 x 10^-20, which is significantly below the accuracy of the clocks; therefore it is not taken into account in the model.
“The second term of Eq. ( 6) is constant, and, considering an upper bound of 2 × 10 -8 on the parameter α [17], is lower than 4 × 10 -20 , which is significantly below the accuracy of the clocks.Therefore we do not take it into account in our model.”
From Test of Special Relativity Using a Fiber Network of Optical Clocks (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 48 · Cited by 82
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [12]Ch. Novotny et al. , Phys. Rev. A 80, 022107 (2009).
- [26]C.M. Will, Phys. Rev. D 45, 403 (1992).
- [29]P. Wolf and G. Petit, Phys. Rev. A 56, 4405 (1997).
- Authors
- Botermann, B., Bing, D., Geppert, C., Gwinner, G., Hänsch, T. W., Huber, G., Karpuk, S., Krieger, A., Kühl, T., Nörtershäuser, W., Novotny, C., Reinhardt, S., Sánchez, R., Schwalm, D., Stöhlker, T., Wolf, A., & Saathoff, G.
- Affiliations
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (DE)
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE)
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (DE)
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz (DE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2014-09-16
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 120405-120405
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2049517181
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 5.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (NO789/1-1)
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology)
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- BMBF (06MZ9179I)
- Helmholtz Association (VH-NG-148)
- Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung (AZ:21-0563- 2.8/197/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Keywords
- time dilation, Ives-Stilwell experiment, lithium ions, lithium-7, storage ring, relativistic ions, hyperfine structure, Lorentz violation, special relativity tests
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
