The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Axion miniclusters and Bose stars
Open accessAbstract
Evolution of inhomogeneities in the axion field around the QCD epoch is studied numerically, including for the first time important nonlinear effects. It is found that perturbations on scales corresponding to causally disconnected regions at T\ensuremath{\sim}1 GeV can lead to very dense axion clumps, with present density ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathit{a}}$\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}8}$ g ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$. This is high enough for the collisional 2a\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2a process to lead to Bose-Einstein relaxation in the gravitationally bound clumps of axions, forming Bose stars.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
General relativistic boson stars
Schunck, F. E., & Mielke, E. W. (2003) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/20/20/201 · Cited by 745
New experimental approaches in the search for axion-like particles
Irastorza, I. G., & Redondo, J. (2018) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2018.05.003 · Cited by 745
The landscape of QCD axion models
Di Luzio, L., Giannotti, M., Nardi, E., & Visinelli, L. (2020) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2020.06.002 · Cited by 657
Raffelt, G. G. (2008) · Lecture Notes in Physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73518-2_3 · Cited by 566
Do dark matter axions form a condensate with long-range correlation?
Guth, A. H., Hertzberg, M. P., & Prescod-Weinstein, C. (2015) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.92.103513 · Cited by 279
Metadata
- Authors
- Kolb, E. W., & Tkachev, I. I.
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1993-11-08
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 3051-3054
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2055599255
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Axion miniclusters and Bose stars. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrevlett.71.3051
- The paper
- Kolb, E. W., & Tkachev, I. I. (1993). Axion miniclusters and Bose stars. Physical Review Letters. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.71.3051
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.