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Cited by 1,455

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Breakdown of the Internet under Intentional Attack

Open access
Cohen, Reuven, Erez, Keren, ben-Avraham, Daniel, Havlin, Shlomo·2001·Physical Review Letters

Abstract

We study the tolerance of random networks to intentional attack, whereby a fraction p of the most connected sites is removed. We focus on scale-free networks, having connectivity distribution P(k) approximately k(-alpha), and use percolation theory to study analytically and numerically the critical fraction p(c) needed for the disintegration of the network, as well as the size of the largest connected cluster. We find that even networks with alpha < or = 3, known to be resilient to random removal of sites, are sensitive to intentional attack. We also argue that, near criticality, the average distance between sites in the spanning (largest) cluster scales with its mass, M, as square root of [M], rather than as log (k)M, as expected for random networks away from criticality.

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Metadata

Authors
Cohen, R., Erez, K., ben-Avraham, D., & Havlin, S.
Venue
Physical Review Letters
Published
2001-04-16
Volume
86
Issue
16
Pages
3682-3685
ISSN
  • 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1079-7114
OpenAlex
W2025550035
Cited by
1,455
References
1
FWCI
24.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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