Synthesis of the Elements in Stars
Open accessAbstract
Man inhabits a universe composed of a great variety of elements and their isotopes. In Table I,1 a count of the stable and radioactive elements and isotopes is listed. Ninety elements are found terrestrially and one more, technetium, is found in stars; only promethium has not been found in nature.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Stellar nucleosynthesis in stars has produced the majority of other naturally occurring elements.
“Since then, stellar nucleosynthesis in stars has produced the majority of other naturally occurring elements (Burbidge et al., 1957) (Fig. 1).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Burbidge et al., 1957
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bertone, G., & Hooper, D. (2018) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.90.045002 · Cited by 1,241 · see citing works
A Component of Primitive Nuclear Composition in Carbonaceous Meteorites
Clayton, R. N., Grossman, L., & Mayeda, T. K. (1973) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.182.4111.485 · Cited by 798 · see citing works
Calculations on the thermal history of the Earth
MacDonald, G. J. F. (1959) · Journal of Geophysical Research · doi:10.1029/jz064i011p01967 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Adamala, K., Arina de la Rubia, L., Bond, J., Dartnell, L. R., Goldman, A. D., Lynch, K., et al. (2016) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1460 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Harrison, T. M. (2020) · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46687-9 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The paradox of value, directed technical change, and the relative abundance of the chemical elements
Boyce, J. R. (2019) · Resource and Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2019.101114 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Isotopic Adventures—Geological, Planetological, and Cosmic
Wasserburg, G. J. (2003) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.31.100901.141409 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Burbidge, E. M., Burbidge, G. R., Fowler, W. A., & Hoyle, F.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- Reviews of Modern Physics
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1957-10-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 547-650
- ISSN
- 0034-6861 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2089630383
- Cited by
- 3,991
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 144 · 2025: 205 · 2024: 164 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 179 · 2020: 223 · 2019: 206 · 2018: 137 · 2017: 155 · 2016: 142 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 95 · 2013: 106 · 2012: 98
- FWCI
- 20.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reviews of Modern Physics (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Nuclear physics research studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Keywords
- stellar nucleosynthesis, stable elements, radioactive elements, isotopes, technetium, promethium, stellar abundances
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review