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Big-bang nucleosynthesis enters the precision era
Open accessAbstract
The last parameter of big-bang nucleosynthesis, the density of ordinary matter (baryons), is being pinned down by measurements of the deuterium abundance in high-redshift hydrogen clouds. When it is, the primeval abundances of the light elements D, ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ ${}^{7}\mathrm{Li},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ will be fixed. The first three will then become ``tracers'' in the study of Galactic and stellar chemical evolution. A precision determination of the ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ abundance will allow an important consistency test of big-bang nucleosynthesis and will sharpen nucleosynthesis as a probe of fundamental physics, e.g., the bound to the number of light neutrino species. An independent consistency test is on the horizon: a high-precision determination of the baryon density from measurements of the fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation temperature.
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“The agreement between the WMAP results[15, 16, 17, 18] and the most recent analysis of the primordial deuterium abundance[46] yields”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [17]
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Abundances of Deuterium, Nitrogen, and Oxygen toward HZ 43A: Results from the FUSE Mission
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The Road to Precision Cosmology
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ON POSSIBLE VARIATION IN THE COSMOLOGICAL BARYON FRACTION
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“A key element is deuterium, which is considered to be the best cosmic ‘‘ baryometer ’’ among the light elements (Schramm & Turner 1998) because of its strong dependence on the baryon density, or equivalently, the baryon-to-photon ratio .”
BackgroundPossible indications of a clumpy dark matter halo
Bergström, L., Edsjö, J., & Ullio, P. (1998) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.58.083507 · Cited by 49
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“Starting from this, the measured primordial abundances can be fitted up to 10 orders of magnitudes (Schramm & Turner 1998).”
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Cosmic microwave background constraints on the epoch of reionization
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“We fix the baryon density at ΩBh 2 = 0.02 from nucleosynthesis (Schramm & Turner 1998).”
MethodInfluentialCosmology Solved? Quite Possibly!
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“Of the four light elements made in the big bang, the yield of deuterium is most sensitive to the density of ordinary matter (baryons), and for that reason David Schramm and I nicknamed it ““ the baryometer ÏÏ (Schramm & Turner 1998).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe role of H 2 D + in the deuteration of interstellar molecules
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Modern theories of low-energy astrophysical reactions
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The Deuterium Abundance in the Local Interstellar MediumPreprint
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Thermal Stability of Cold Clouds in Galaxy Halos
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“2 × 10−10 respectively (Schramm & Turner 1998).”
Relic neutrino asymmetries and big bang nucleosynthesis in a four neutrino model
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Thermonuclear Reaction Rates and Primordial Nucleosynthesis
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“In standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), deuterium is the most sensitive baryometer of the light elements (Schramm & Turner 1998).”
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“It has long been recognized that the primordial abundance of deuterium represents the most sensitive probe of the baryonic density in the universe (see, e.g. Schramm & Turner 1998;Qb Olive, Steigman, & Walker 1999).”
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Self-citationThe Power Spectrum of Rich Clusters on Near‐Gigaparsec Scales
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MethodInfluentialImproved constraints on supersymmetric dark matter from muong-2
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S p i t zer Observations of Hydrogen Deuteride
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“The initial deuterium abundance was set by primordial nucleosynthesis (e.g. Schramm & Turner 1998), roughly 100 s after the Big Bang, and has been reduced by stellar nuclear reactions over the subsequent 13.7 Gyr.”
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Strongly Bound Dibaryon with Maximal Beauty Flavor from Lattice QCD
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The deuterium abundance in the local interstellar medium
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“…and in Galactic chemical evolution (GCE; Yang et al. 1984; Boesgaard & Steigman 1985; Steigman & Tosi 1992, 1995; Vangioni-Flam, Olive & Prantzos 1994; Tosi 1996; Schramm & Turner 1998; Romano et al. 2006; Steigman 2007; Steigman, Romano & Tosi 2007, hereafter; Prodanović & Fields 2008).”
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Effects of power law primordial magnetic field on big bang nucleosynthesis
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Measurement of the H 2 ( d , p ) H 3 reaction at astrophysical energies via the Trojan-horse method
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The Detection of3He+in a Planetary Nebula Using the VLA
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“Since the primordial D/H abundance ratio is more sensitive to η b, and the processing of D in stars is thought to be understood, it became the baryometer of choice by many investigators (Schramm & Turner 1998, for example).”
BackgroundHahn, C., Lemos, P., Parker, L., Blancard, B. R.-S., Eickenberg, M., Ho, S., Hou, J., Massara, E., Modi, C., Dizgah, A. M., et al. (2024) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02344-2 · Cited by 32
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Neutrinoless double-β decay with three or four neutrino mixing
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Ćirković, M. M., & Perović, S. (2017) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics · doi:10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.04.005 · Cited by 26
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On the physical basis of cosmic time
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“52Agreement with astronomical observations is obtained by fitting the baryon to photon ratio η within the range η = nB/nγ ∼ (4 ± 2) × 10 −10, see, e.g. Schramm and Turner (1998).”
MethodInfluentialConstraining the primordial black hole abundance through big-bang nucleosynthesis
Boccia, A., Fabio Iocco, A., & Visinelli, L. (2025) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.111.063508 · Cited by 26
Thermodynamics of a photon gas and deformed dispersion relations
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“As an example of this possibility let us remember that the theory of nucleosynthesis is inconsistent with the cluster baryon fraction in a critical density universe [24].”
ResultCascades of high-energy SM particles in the primordial thermal plasma
Mukaida, K., & Yamada, M. (2022) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep10(2022)116 · Cited by 23
“Combining this observation with Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), our understanding has been further enhanced to a higher temperature [3].”
MethodThe surprising influence of late charged current weak interactions on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
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“BBN is a great success story of the marriage of nuclear and particle physics and cosmology [4, 5, 6, 7].”
BackgroundPerturbations of ionization fractions at the cosmological recombination epoch
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Active-active and active-sterile neutrino oscillation solutions to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly
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Dark Energy Coupled with Relativistic Dark Matter in Accelerating Universe
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Measurement of3He/4He in the Local Interstellar Medium: the Collisa Experiment onMir
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“…determination of the primordial light-element abundances then allows SBBN models to set limits on the baryon density of the universe, since the amount of nuclides produced primordially depends on the density of nucleons and on the early-universe expansion rate (Schramm & Turner 1998; Sakar 1996).”
BackgroundString loop moduli stabilisation and cosmology in IIB flux compactifications
Cicoli, M. (2009) · Fortschritte der Physik · doi:10.1002/prop.200900096 · Cited by 20
FUSE deuterium observations: a strong case for galactic infall
Prodanović, T., & Fields, B. D. (2008) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2008/09/003 · Cited by 20
COSMOLOGY SOLVED? QUITE POSSIBLY!Preprint
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Self-citationRadiochemical separation of 7Be from the cooling water of the neutron spallation source SINQ at PSI
Dorothea Schumann, A., Ayranov, M., Stowasser, T., Gialanella, L., Leva, A. D., Romano, M., & Schüermann, D. (2013) · Radiochimica Acta · doi:10.1524/ract.2013.2078 · Cited by 19
“New and accurate measurements are necessary in order to investigate the destruction of 7Be during BBN via the 7Be(n, α)α and 7Be(n, p)7Li reactions.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe D/H Ratio toward PG 0038+199
Williger, G. M., Oliveira, C. M., Hébrard, G., Dupuis, J., Dreizler, S., & Moos, H. W. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/429315 · Cited by 19
“The primordial D/H ratio is a firm prediction of the cosmic baryon density from big bang nucleosynthesis (Schramm & Turner 1998; Burles 2000; Burles et al. 2001).”
BackgroundPrecision primordial 4He measurement from the CMB
Huey, G., Cyburt, R. H., & Wandelt, B. D. (2004) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.69.103503 · Cited by 19
Tiny-scale molecular structures in the Magellanic Clouds. I. FUSE, HST and VLT observations
André, M., Petit, F. L., Sonnentrucker, P., Ferlet, R., Roueff, E., Civeit, T., Désert, J.-M., Lacour, S., & Vidal‐Madjar, A. (2004) · HAL · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035903 · Cited by 18
What Is Temperature? Modern Outlook on the Concept of Temperature
Bormashenko, E. Y. (2020) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e22121366 · Cited by 18
“of primordial nucleosynthesis; [46, 47]), gives a unique handle on the total cosmological baryon density.”
BackgroundParticle Data Group (2004) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.011 · Cited by 23
Wave function renormalization at finite temperature
Esposito, S., Mangano, G., Miele, G., & Pisanti, O. (1998) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.58.105023 · Cited by 17
Inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis and the high baryon density suggested by Boomerang and MAXIMA
Kurki-Suonio, H., & Keihänen, E. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.083508 · Cited by 17
A Philosophical Approach to MOND: Assessing the Milgromian Research Program in CosmologyPreprint
Merritt, D. R. (2020) · PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh) · doi:10.1017/9781108610926 · Cited by 16
Measurement of the Reaction H2(e,e′) at 180° Close to the Deuteron Breakup Threshold
Ryezayeva, N., Arenhövel, H., Burda, O., Byelikov, A., Chernykh, M., Enders, J., Grießhammer, H. W., Kalmykov, Y., von Neumann-Cosel, P., Özel, B., et al. (2008) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.100.172501 · Cited by 16
Dark Energy Coupled with Dark Matter in the Accelerating Universe
Zhang, Y. (2004) · Chinese Physics Letters · doi:10.1088/0256-307x/21/6/057 · Cited by 16
Production of Lithium in the Galactic Disk
Casuso, E., & Beckman, J. E. (2000) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/316592 · Cited by 16
A Sober Assessment of Cosmology at the New Millennium
Turner, M. S. (2001) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/320800 · Cited by 15
Self-citationCharge Transfer and Elastic Scattering in Very Slow H++D(1s) Half Collisions
Wells, E., Carnes, K. D., Esry, B. D., & Ben-Itzhak, I. (2001) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.4803 · Cited by 15
Thermodynamics of a photon gas and deformed dispersion relations
Camacho, A., & Macías, A. (2007) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 14
A Sober Assessment of Cosmology at the New MillenniumPreprint
Turner, M. S. (2001) · Cited by 14
Self-citationGrohs, E., & Fuller, G. M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8818-1_127-1 · Cited by 16
Compton Composites Late in the Early Universe
Mayer, F. J., & Reitz, J. R. (2014) · Galaxies · doi:10.3390/galaxies2030382 · Cited by 13
“There are a number of important and unanswered questions in this era of precision cosmology (see Schramm and Turner [1] and the texts of Kolb and Turner [2], Weinberg [3] and Rich [4]).”
BackgroundNuclear weak interaction rates in primordial nucleosynthesis
Fuller, G. M., & Smith, C. J. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.82.125017 · Cited by 13
Particle Data Group (2008) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.07.028 · Cited by 11
Perturbations of ionization fractions at the cosmological recombination epoch
Novosyadlyj, B. (2006) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 13
Ćirković, M. M., & Perović, S. (2017) · PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 13
Acciarri, R., Antonello, M., Baibussinov, B., Benetti, P., Calaprice, F. P., Calligarich, E., Cambiaghi, M., Canci, N., Cao, C., Carbonara, F., et al. (2011) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/308/1/012005 · Cited by 12
Origin of the Chemical Elements
Rauscher, T., & Patkós, A. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0720-2_12 · Cited by 12
Baryonic Mass Fraction in Rich Clusters and the Total Mass Density in the Cosmos
Bludman, S. A. (1998) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/306412 · Cited by 12
The Inventory and Distribution of Baryons at Redshift z = 0
Shull, J. M. (2003) · Astrophysics and space science library · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0115-1_1 · Cited by 12
Walker, M. A., & Wardle, M. (1999) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1071/as99262 · Cited by 12
“These calculations, when compared to the observed abundances, suggest that only a small fraction of the closure density is in the form of baryonic (ordinary) material — see the review by Schramm & Turner (1998).”
ResultInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Schramm, D. N., & Turner, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- ORCID
- Turner, Michael S.
- Venue
- Reviews of Modern Physics
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1998-01-01
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 303-318
- ISSN
- 0034-6861 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0756
- OpenAlex
- W2137076145
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 33.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Reviews of Modern Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Nuclear Physics
- Fermilab
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Nuclear physics research studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Neutrino Physics Research
- Keywords
- big bang nucleosynthesis, baryon density, deuterium abundance, primordial light element abundances, helium-4 abundance, helium-3, lithium-7, deuterium, number of light neutrino species, chemical evolution
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