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The Arabidopsis CDPK-SnRK Superfamily of Protein Kinases
Open accessAbstract
The CDPK-SnRK superfamily consists of seven types of serine-threonine protein kinases: calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPKs), CDPK-related kinases (CRKs), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinases (PPCKs), PEP carboxylase kinase-related kinases (PEPRKs), calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs), calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CCaMKs), and SnRKs. Within this superfamily, individual isoforms and subfamilies contain distinct regulatory domains, subcellular targeting information, and substrate specificities. Our analysis of the Arabidopsis genome identified 34 CDPKs, eight CRKs, two PPCKs, two PEPRKs, and 38 SnRKs. No definitive examples were found for a CCaMK similar to those previously identified in lily (Lilium longiflorum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) or for a CaMK similar to those in animals or yeast. CDPKs are present in plants and a specific subgroup of protists, but CRKs, PPCKs, PEPRKs, and two of the SnRK subgroups have been found only in plants. CDPKs and at least one SnRK have been implicated in decoding calcium signals in Arabidopsis. Analysis of intron placements supports the hypothesis that CDPKs, CRKs, PPCKs and PEPRKs have a common evolutionary origin; however there are no conserved intron positions between these kinases and the SnRK subgroup. CDPKs and SnRKs are found on all five Arabidopsis chromosomes. The presence of closely related kinases in regions of the genome known to have arisen by genome duplication indicates that these kinases probably arose by divergence from common ancestors. The PlantsP database provides a resource of continuously updated information on protein kinases from Arabidopsis and other plants.
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Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., & Lipman, D. J. (1990) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.1990.9999 · Cited by 98,669
Analysis of the genome sequence of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana
Initiative, T. A. G. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35048692 · Cited by 9,301
Kim, K.-N., Cheong, Y. H., Grant, J. J., Pandey, G. K., & Luan, S. (2003) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.006858 · Cited by 406
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Cited by
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Dodd, A. N., Kudla, J., & Sanders, D. (2010) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-070109-104628 · Cited by 1,317
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Umezawa, T., Fujita, M., Fujita, Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., & Shinozaki, K. (2006) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2006.02.002 · Cited by 802
Zhu, S.-Y., Yu, X.-C., Wang, X.-J., Zhao, R., Li, Y., Fan, R.-C., Shang, Y., Du, S.-Y., Wang, X.-F., Wu, F.-Q., et al. (2007) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.107.050666 · Cited by 632
Characterization of Stress-Responsive CIPK Genes in Rice for Stress Tolerance Improvement
Xiang, Y., Huang, Y., & Xiong, L. (2007) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.107.101295 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- Hrabak, E. M., Chan, C. W. M., Gribskov, M., Harper, J. F., Choi, J. H., Halford, N., Kudla, J., Luan, S., Nimmo, H. G., Sussman, M. R., Thomas, M., Walker-Simmons, K., Zhu, J.-K., & Harmon, A. C.
- Venue
- Plant Physiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-06-01
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 666-680
- ISSN
- 0032-0889 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2548
- OpenAlex
- W2145048774
- Cited by
- 1,059
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 36.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Hrabak, E. M., Chan, C. W. M., Gribskov, M., Harper, J. F., Choi, J. H., Halford, N., Kudla, J., Luan, S., Nimmo, H. G., Sussman, M. R., Thomas, M., Walker-Simmons, K., Zhu, J.-K., & Harmon, A. C. (2003). The Arabidopsis CDPK-SnRK Superfamily of Protein Kinases. Plant Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.102.011999
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