The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
GRAS Proteins Form a DNA Binding Complex to Induce Gene Expression during Nodulation Signaling in Medicago truncatula
Open accessAbstract
The symbiotic association of legumes with rhizobia involves bacterially derived Nod factor, which is sufficient to activate the formation of nodules on the roots of the host plant. Perception of Nod factor by root hair cells induces calcium oscillations that are a component of the Nod factor signal transduction pathway. Perception of the calcium oscillations is a function of a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and this activates nodulation gene expression via two GRAS domain transcriptional regulators, Nodulation Signaling Pathway1 (NSP1) and NSP2, and an ERF transcription factor required for nodulation. Here, we show that NSP1 and NSP2 form a complex that is associated with the promoters of early nodulin genes. We show that NSP1 binds directly to ENOD promoters through the novel cis-element AATTT. While NSP1 shows direct binding to the ENOD11 promoter in vitro, this association in vivo requires NSP2. The NSP1-NSP2 association with the ENOD11 promoter is enhanced following Nod factor elicitation. Mutations in the domain of NSP2 responsible for its interaction with NSP1 highlight the significance of the NSP1-NSP2 heteropolymer for nodulation signaling. Our work reveals direct binding of a GRAS protein complex to DNA and highlights the importance of the NSP1-NSP2 complex for efficient nodulation in the model legume Medicago truncatula.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Voinnet, O., Rivas, S., Mestre, P., & Baulcombe, D. (2003) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01676.x · Cited by 1,734
RetractedGUS fusions: beta-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants.
Jefferson, R. A., Kavanagh, T. A., & Bevan, M. W. (1987) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02730.x · Cited by 9,844
Transformation of yeast by lithium acetate/single-stranded carrier DNA/polyethylene glycol method
Daniel Gietz, R., & Woods, R. A. (2002) · Methods in Enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(02)50957-5 · Cited by 2,871
A molecular framework for light and gibberellin control of cell elongation
de Lucas, M., Davière, J.-M., Rodríguez-Falcón, M., Pontin, M., Iglesias-Pedraz, J. M., Lorrain, S., Fankhauser, C., Blázquez, M. A., Titarenko, E., & Prat, S. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06520 · Cited by 1,319
Plant recognition of symbiotic bacteria requires two LysM receptor-like kinases
Radutoiu, S., Madsen, L. H., Madsen, E. B., Felle, H. H., Umehara, Y., Grønlund, M., Sato, S., Nakamura, Y., Tabata, S., Sandal, N., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02039 · Cited by 1,221
Coordinated regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana development by light and gibberellins
Feng, S., Martinez, C., Gusmaroli, G., Wang, Y., Zhou, J., Wang, F., Chen, L., Yu, L., Iglesias-Pedraz, J. M., Kircher, S., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06448 · Cited by 1,115
A receptor kinase gene of the LysM type is involved in legumeperception of rhizobial signals
Madsen, E. B., Madsen, L. H., Radutoiu, S., Olbryt, M., Rakwalska, M., Szczyglowski, K., Sato, S., Kaneko, T., Tabata, S., Sandal, N., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02045 · Cited by 1,018
Dénarié, J., Debellé, F., & Promé, J.-C. (1996) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.002443 · Cited by 989
A plant regulator controlling development of symbiotic root nodules
Schauser, L., Roussis, A., Stiller, J., & Stougaard, J. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/46058 · Cited by 945
LysM Domain Receptor Kinases Regulating Rhizobial Nod Factor-Induced Infection
Limpens, E., Franken, C., Smit, P., Willemse, J., Bisseling, T., & Geurts, R. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1090074 · Cited by 868
Cited by
The Language of Calcium Signaling
Dodd, A. N., Kudla, J., & Sanders, D. (2010) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-070109-104628 · Cited by 1,317
Lipo-chitooligosaccharide Signaling in Endosymbiotic Plant-Microbe Interactions
Gough, C., & Cullimore, J. (2011) · Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® · doi:10.1094/mpmi-01-11-0019 · Cited by 254
Invasion by Invitation: Rhizobial Infection in Legumes
Murray, J. D. (2011) · Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® · doi:10.1094/mpmi-08-10-0181 · Cited by 245
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirsch, S., Kim, J., Muñoz, A., Heckmann, A. B., Downie, J. A., & Oldroyd, G. E. D.
- Venue
- The Plant Cell
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-02-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 545-557
- ISSN
- 1040-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-298X
- OpenAlex
- W2124774553
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 42
- FWCI
- 28.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: GRAS Proteins Form a DNA Binding Complex to Induce Gene Expression during Nodulation Signaling in Medicago truncatula. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1105/tpc.108.064501
- The paper
- Hirsch, S., Kim, J., Muñoz, A., Heckmann, A. B., Downie, J. A., & Oldroyd, G. E. D. (2009). GRAS Proteins Form a DNA Binding Complex to Induce Gene Expression during Nodulation Signaling in Medicago truncatula. The Plant Cell. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.064501
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
