The role of emotional resilience, childhood parentification, and attachment style on antisocial behaviour in adulthood: A comparison of an offender and normative population
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Despite a robust link between poor caregiver attachment and antisociality, few studies have examined the influence of parentification and emotional resilience on delinquency in later life, in groups at differing risk for antisocial conduct. Methodology: This pilot study compared the influence of parentification, attachment style (avoidant or anxious) and emotional resilience on adulthood antisocial behaviour in an offender and normative sample. Of the 137 participants in this study, 66 were supervised by the National Probation Service (age M = 36.90, SD = 13.91), and 71 were recruited from community-dwelling and student populations (age M = 31.83, SD = 13.25). Findings: In partial support of the predictions, participants in the offender group reported significantly greater levels of attachment anxiety compared to the normative group. However, emotional resilience was positively associated with antisociality in the normative sample. Research implications: This small-scale investigation indicates value in exploring these specific variables in a larger, matched samples study, to enable clearer comparisons to be made between offender and normative groups. Practical implications: The preliminary findings suggest that attachment anxiety is associated with antisociality in offender populations, which indicate a therapeutic focus on attachment anxiety as part of correctional care and offender rehabilitation. Originality: This study is novel in its aim to examine the influence of childhood parentification, attachment deficits and emotional resilience on adulthood antisociality in participants from a high-risk offender sample and non-high-risk normative sample.
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Parentification as an overall construct was positively linked with externalizing problems in four studies, yet an almost equal number of studies (n = 3) found null results.
“Parentification as an overall construct was positively linked with externalizing problems in four studies [77,82,95,104], yet an almost equal number of studies (n = 3) found null results [76,113,161].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [76]
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References 47 · Cited by 11
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Loss. New York: Basic Books.
- Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). New York: Guilford Press.
- Chase, N. D. (Ed.). (1999). Burdened children: Theory, research, and treatment of parentification. London: Sage Publications.
- Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., Van Der Laan, P. H., Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. (2009). The relationship between parenting and delinquency: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37, 749-775. doi: 10.1007/s10802-009-9310- · DOI
- Jurkovic, G.J., Morrell, R., & Thirkield, A. (1999). Assessing childhood parentification: guidelines for researchers and practitioners. In Chase, N. (Ed.) Burdened children: Theory, research and treatment of parentification (pp. 92-113). London: Sage Publications.
- Nurwianti, F., Poerwandari, E. K., & Ginanjar, A. S. (2018). The role of family strength on the relationship of parentification and delinquent behaviour in adolescents from poor families. In A. A. Ariyanto, H. Muluk, P. Newcombe, F.P. Piercy, E. K. Poerwandari, S. Hartati, & R. Suradijono, (Eds.), Diversity in Unity: Perspectives from Psychology and Behavioural Sciences (pp-19-26).
- Authors
- McGauran, A., Brooks, M., & Khan, R.
- Affiliations
- HM Prison and Probation Service (GB)
- Manchester Metropolitan University (GB)
- University of Lancashire (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Criminal Psychology
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2019-04-25
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 75-87
- ISSN
- 2009-3829 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2924890310
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- e-space.mmu.ac.uk
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.emeraldinsight.com/page/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Criminal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
- e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- psychological resilience, attachment styles, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, antisocial behavior, adult offenders, offender rehabilitation, delinquency, caregiver attachment
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