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Recent advances in electrooptic polymer modulators incorporating highly nonlinear chromophore
Abstract
Based on a nonlinear optical polymer with a highly nonlinear chromophore (CLD) dispersed in an amorphous polycarbonate (APC), we have developed electrooptic (EO) polymer modulators operating at 1550-nm wavelength with low loss and good thermal stability. By incorporating polymer insulation layer, push-pull poling was successfully performed without film damages. We also demonstrated that the propagation loss of the EO polymer waveguide could be reduced as low as 1.2 dB/cm at 1550 nm when the large core waveguide structure was incorporated. The long-term reliabilities of the EO polymer modulator made of CLD/APC polymer were investigated. When the modulator was hermetically sealed in an inert gas, the V/sub /spl pi// change of a Mach-Zehnder modulator was negligible over 30 d of operation with 20-mW exposure to the waveguide input. In the thermal stability measurement, 25% V/sub /spl pi// increase was observed from the sample heated to 60/spl deg/C over 40 d, though the sample left at room temperature showed no decay of nonlinearity.
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Cited by
Electric Field Poled Organic Electro-optic Materials: State of the Art and Future Prospects
Dalton, L. R., Sullivan, P. A., & Bale, D. H. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr9000429 · Cited by 1,014
Self-citationHybrid polymer/sol–gel waveguide modulators with exceptionally large electro–optic coefficients
Enami, Y., Derose, C. T., Mathine, D., Loychik, C., Greenlee, C., Norwood, R. A., Kim, T. D., Luo, J., Tian, Y., Jen, A. K.-Y., et al. (2007) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2007.25 · Cited by 355
Zhang, X., Hosseini, A., Lin, X., Subbaraman, H., & Chen, R. T. (2013) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1109/jstqe.2013.2268386 · Cited by 107
Electrooptic Polymer Ring Resonator Modulation up to 165 GHz
Bortnik, B., Hung, Y.-C., Tazawa, H., Seo, B.-J., Luo, J., Jen, A. K.-Y., Steier, W. H., & Fetterman, H. R. (2007) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1109/jstqe.2006.887156 · Cited by 95
Self-citationKieninger, C., Füllner, C., Zwickel, H., Kutuvantavida, Y., Kemal, J. N., Eschenbaum, C., Elder, D. L., Dalton, L. R., Freude, W., Randel, S., et al. (2020) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.390315 · Cited by 92
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Metadata
- Authors
- Oh, M.-C., Zhang, H., Zhang, C., Erlig, H., Chang, Y., Tsap, B., Chang, D., Szep, A., Steier, W. H., Fetterman, H. R., & Dalton, L. R.
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
- Published
- 2001
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 826-835
- ISSN
- 1077-260X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2149499948
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Oh, M.-C., Zhang, H., Zhang, C., Erlig, H., Chang, Y., Tsap, B., Chang, D., Szep, A., Steier, W. H., Fetterman, H. R., & Dalton, L. R. (2001). Recent advances in electrooptic polymer modulators incorporating highly nonlinear chromophore. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. https://doi.org/10.1109/2944.979344
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