The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Twenty years of document image analysis in PAMI
Abstract
The contributions to document image analysis of 99 papers published in the IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) are clustered, summarized, interpolated, interpreted, and evaluated.
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Citations
Cites
Invariant image recognition by Zernike moments
Khotanzad, A., & Hong, Y. H. (1990) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.55109 · Cited by 1,914
Decision combination in multiple classifier systems
Ho, T. K., Hull, J. J., & Srihari, S. N. (1994) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.273716 · Cited by 1,511
A survey of methods and strategies in character segmentation
Casey, R. G., & Lecolinet, E. (1996) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.506792 · Cited by 813
An experimental comparison of range image segmentation algorithms
Hoover, A., Jean-Baptiste, G., Jiang, X., Flynn, P. J., Bunke, H., Goldgof, D. B., Bowyer, K., Eggert, D. W., Fitzgibbon, A., & Fisher, R. B. (1996) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.506791 · Cited by 790
The document spectrum for page layout analysis
O’Gorman, L. (1993) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.244677 · Cited by 677
Goal-directed evaluation of binarization methods
Trier, Ø. D., & Jain, A. K. (1995) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.476511 · Cited by 624
A robust algorithm for text string separation from mixed text/graphics images
Fletcher, L. A., & Kasturi, R. (1988) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.9112 · Cited by 572
A new algorithm for error-tolerant subgraph isomorphism detection
Messmer, B., & Bunke, H. (1998) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.682179 · Cited by 348
On the Recognition of Printed Characters of Any Font and Size
Kahan, S., Pavlidis, T., & Baird, H. S. (1987) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.1987.4767901 · Cited by 339
Rotation invariant texture features and their use in automatic script identification
Tan, T. N. (1998) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.689305 · Cited by 276
Cited by
Camera-based analysis of text and documents: a survey
Liang, J., Doermann, D., & Li, H. (2005) · International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) · doi:10.1007/s10032-004-0138-z · Cited by 419
Rosetta: Large Scale System for Text Detection and Recognition in Images
Borisyuk, F., Gordo, A., & Sivakumar, V. (2018) · Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · doi:10.1145/3219819.3219861 · Cited by 353
Recognition and retrieval of mathematical expressions
Zanibbi, R., & Blostein, D. (2012) · International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) · doi:10.1007/s10032-011-0174-4 · Cited by 284
Text Recognition in the Wild: A Survey
Chen, X., Jin, L., Zhu, Y., Luo, C., & Wang, T. (2022) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3440756 · Cited by 205
“Although OCR in scanned documents is well developed [137], [241], STR remains challenging because of many factors, such as complex backgrounds, various fonts, and imperfect imaging conditions.”
BackgroundGabor filters-based feature extraction for character recognition
Wang, X., Ding, X., & Liu, C. (2005) · Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2004.08.004 · Cited by 142
Metadata
- Authors
- Nagy, G.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2000
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 38-62
- ISSN
- 0162-8828 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2141756865
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 23
- FWCI
- 23.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Twenty years of document image analysis in PAMI. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/34.824820
- The paper
- Nagy, G. (2000). Twenty years of document image analysis in PAMI. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.824820
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
