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Cited by 41Chaos-based Image/Signal EncryptionCryptographic Implementations and SecurityComputer Science and Engineering

Cryptanalysis and Improvement in a Plaintext-Related Image Encryption Scheme Based on Hyper Chaos

Open access
Liu, Lidong, Zhang, Zhaolun, Chen, Ruijie·2019·IEEE Access
DOI 10.1109/access.2019.2938181
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Abstract

Recently, a plaintext-related image encryption scheme based on a hyper-chaotic system has been proposed by Liet al. In their encryption scheme, the permutation process is related to the sum of plaintext pixel values, and the diffusion process is related to the values of nine special positions in the permuted image. This can resist the existing chosen plaintext attack due to the ever-changing permutation matrix and diffusion matrix when the plaintext is changed. Here, we show that Li’s encryption scheme contains two vulnerabilities. First, the gray values of the nine specific pixels do not change during diffusion. Second, the permutation process is reversible. Therefore, the diffusion process can be attacked and the permuted image can be obtained by constructing a special image, where the nine special position values in the special image’s permuted image are the same as those in the cipher image. Then, if the obtained permuted image is chosen as plaintext, we can get its permuted image by attacking the diffusion process. Since the permutation process is reversible, the permuted image is the original plaintext image. In addition, some improvements for Li’s encryption scheme are provided to enhance the security.

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  • The plaintext-related hyperchaotic encryption algorithm [183] has a vulnerability that its arrangement is reversible.

    “the other is that its arrangement is reversible”

    From Chaos-Based Image Encryption: Review, Application, and Challenges (2023) · cites this paper as [182]

  • The plaintext-related hyperchaotic encryption algorithm [183] has a vulnerability that there is no change in the gray value of a specific pixel in the diffusion process.

    “one is that there is no change in the gray value of a specific pixel in the diffusion process”

    From Chaos-Based Image Encryption: Review, Application, and Challenges (2023) · cites this paper as [182]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Liu, L., Zhang, Z., & Chen, R.
Affiliations
  • Chang'an University (CN)
  • Xidian University (CN)
ORCID
Venue
IEEE Access
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2019
Volume
7
Pages
126450-126463
ISSN
2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1109/access.2019.2938181
OpenAlex
W2970506125
Cited by
41
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2
FWCI
2.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • IEEE Access (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (61701043, 41874140)
  • Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (300102248103, 300102249318)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptographic Implementations and Security
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Computer Science and Engineering
Keywords
image encryption, hyperchaotic systems, cryptanalysis, diffusion, chosen-plaintext attack

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