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Comprehensive Survey of Radio Resource Allocation Schemes for 5G V2X Communications
Open accessAbstract
In recent years, intelligent transportation systems, which provide safety and autonomous services on the road using the Internet and cellular technologies, have become increasingly important. Vehicles are equipped with sensors that can transmit data to other vehicles or infrastructure according to different types of services. In order to ensure robust connectivity for safety services, the transmission among vehicles requires low latency, high reliability, and high packet delivery ratio. With the increased number of vehicles, more frequency resources are needed to establish fast and reliable services. In the area of high vehicle density, the demand of frequency resources is increasing to establish stable connectivity in a short time. However, the amount of frequency resources is limited; the resource allocation scheme (RAS) should effectively assign a resource block to each user to ensure the quality of service. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of RASs for the 5G-based vehicular networks known as 5G V2X. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for resource allocation in modern vehicular networks and present numerous promising future research directions.
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![FIGURE 3 RESOURCE SELECTION MODE 2 [6]](/paper-figures/bbda7f192e6e433da7e2c5b635962de8/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-3.png)
![FIGURE 5 STS-RS scheme [29].](/paper-figures/599e66eb25d74f16bac2faa7a62b97ba/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-5.png)
![FIGURE 6 (a) Resource pool and (b) geo-based scheduling scheme in 5G V2X [32].](/paper-figures/e8234e45ac8e43da937e9608b49a881b/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-6.png)
![FIGURE 7 Road configuration for urban grid [30].](/paper-figures/911583a1e698418e84b2c734e2deebf6/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-7.png)
![FIGURE 8 Zone-based resource allocation [33].](/paper-figures/9c3999e53c2541a0b294d39296382512/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-8.png)
![FIGURE 8 Group request to the target cell [36].](/paper-figures/410ff9dcc48c47d3b8ee95b11a46e206/comprehensive-survey-of-radio-resource-allocation-schemes-for-5g-v2x-figure-8.png)
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“Zone-based resource allocation [116], [9], [115] is an innovative scheme tailored for 6G V2X sidelink communication.It leverages the geographical information of the vehicles to divide the vehicular network into zones and efficiently allocate resources to users within each zone based on traffic demand and channel conditions.”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Position-based resource management [117], [9], [118] is a specialized approach designed for 6G V2X sidelink communication, which optimizes resource allocation based on the geographical positions of the vehicles.”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Geo-based scheduling [114], [9], [115] is an emerging resource allocation scheme for 6G V2X sidelink communication.It leverages the vehicles' geographical information to optimize resource allocation, improving communication efficiency and reducing interference.”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [9]
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Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Annu, & Rajalakshmi, P. (2024) · IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/ojvt.2024.3368240 · Cited by 73
Yang, C., Kwong, C. F., Chieng, D., Kar, P., Yau, K.-L. A., & Chen, Y. (2025) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2024.3440033 · Cited by 33
Reuse Distance-Aided Resource Selection Mechanisms for NR-V2X Sidelink Communication
Yin, J., & Hwang, S.-H. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24010253 · Cited by 14
Leveraging 3GPP Features and Optimization Techniques for 5G NR-V2X Resource Allocation: A Survey
Bin Ali Wael, C., Hadj Dogheche, E., Armi, N., Subekti, A., & Dayoub, I. (2025) · IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/ojits.2025.3584024 · Cited by 10
“• Reference [13] evaluates resource allocation schemes in terms of quality-of-service (QoS) and network scenarios, highlighting their limitations and future research directions.”
5G NR sidelink time domain based resource allocation in C-V2X
Tabassum, M., & Oliveira, A. (2025) · Vehicular Communications · doi:10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100902 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Thanh Le, T. T., & Moh, S.
- Affiliations
- Chosun University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Moh, Sangman
- Venue
- IEEE Access
- Published
- 2021
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 123117-123133
- ISSN
- 2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3198104660
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- IEEE Access (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Saigon University, Vietnam (TD2020-49)
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government through the Ministry of Science and ICT (2019R1F1A1060501)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Wireless Network Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Traffic control and management
- Keywords
- radio resource allocation, 5G-V2X, vehicular networks, intelligent transportation systems, resource block assignment, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, quality of service, low-latency connectivity
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- Thanh Le, T. T., & Moh, S. (2021). Comprehensive Survey of Radio Resource Allocation Schemes for 5G V2X Communications. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3109894
