The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Evolution From 4G to 5G in 3GPP: Focusing on Resource Allocation Aspects
Open accessAbstract
Cellular Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is evolving from a communication technology for safety messages towards a platform for advanced V2X services such as platooning and autonomous driving. The development of technical specifications for V2X communications is done across several task specification groups (TSGs) and working groups (WGs) within 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In this paper, we focus on radio access network (RAN) aspects for direct communication between user equipments (UEs), which is known as sidelink (SL) communication. Resource allocation for SL communication can be performed in one of two modes. In the first mode, resource allocation is centralized in the network. In the second mode, resource allocation is performed in a distributed manner among UEs, where resource selection is performed at a transmitting UE, i.e., the transmitting UE determines time and frequency resources for a SL transmission without the assistance of a base station. In this paper, we review V2X evolution from 4G to 5G in 3GPP focusing on resource allocation aspects defined in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) specifications, with particular attention given to the difference in design and performance of each. We highlight the key 3GPP standard developments on V2X resource allocation which includes enhanced resource reselection mechanisms and partial sensing schemes. It is observed that NR V2X resource reselection mechanism can provide up to 20% of reliability improvement over LTE V2X and NR V2X partial sensing scheme can provide up to 95% of reduced power consumption over full sensing scheme.
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In the citing paper
“The physical layer will give the higher layers with the identified candidate resource set for resource selection if the ratio of p q is equal to or greater than X% and the remaining resources are not candidates [8].”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Note that T 0 , T proc,0 , T 1 , T 2 for LTE-V2X and 5G-V2X is different as per given in [8]”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“In the re-evaluation mechanism, when a UE performs resource selection and selects multiple transmission resources indicated by a signaling channel (e.g., SCI), it continuously monitors the channel conditions through short-term sensing [8].”
From Towards 6G V2X Sidelink: Survey of Resource Allocation—Mathematical Formulations, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
Citations
Cites
Advancements in Vehicular Communication Technologies: C-V2X and NR-V2X Comparison
Saad, M. M., Khan, M. T. R., Shah, S. H. A., & Kim, D. (2021) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.101.2100119 · Cited by 110
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Annu, & Rajalakshmi, P. (2024) · IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/ojvt.2024.3368240 · Cited by 73
Reuse Distance-Aided Resource Selection Mechanisms for NR-V2X Sidelink Communication
Yin, J., & Hwang, S.-H. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24010253 · Cited by 14
Leveraging 3GPP Features and Optimization Techniques for 5G NR-V2X Resource Allocation: A Survey
Bin Ali Wael, C., Hadj Dogheche, E., Armi, N., Subekti, A., & Dayoub, I. (2025) · IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/ojits.2025.3584024 · Cited by 10
“In regard to 3GPP features, the work in [14] outlines the evolution of V2X features across 3GPP releases, focusing on physical layer enhancements and resource allocation modes.”
Improving NR-V2X Autonomous Mode Through Resource Re-Evaluation
Todisco, V., Wu, Z., & Bazzi, A. (2024) · 2024 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC) · doi:10.1109/vnc61989.2024.10575973 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Shin, C., Farag, E., Ryu, H., Zhou, M., & Kim, Y.
- Affiliations
- Samsung (South Korea) (KR)
- Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA
- Samsung Research, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Research and Development Institute China-Beijing (SRC-B), Beijing, China
- Venue
- IEEE Access
- Published
- 2023
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 18689-18703
- ISSN
- 2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4322707248
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7
- FWCI
- 4.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Access (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Traffic control and management
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
- Keywords
- vehicle-to-everything communication, sidelink communication, resource allocation, 3GPP standardization, 5G NR, LTE, distributed resource allocation, autonomous driving, vehicle platooning, energy consumption reduction
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