The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What is the set of images of an object under all possible lighting conditions?
Abstract
The appearance of a particular object depends on both the viewpoint from which it is observed and the light sources by which it is illuminated. If the appearance of two objects is never identical for any pose or lighting conditions, then-in theory - the objects can always be distinguished or recognized. The question arises: What is the set of images of an object under all lighting conditions and pose? In this paper, we consider only the set of images of an object under variable illumination (including multiple, extended light sources and attached shadows). We prove that the set of n-pixel images of a convex object with a Lambertian reflectance function, illuminated by an arbitrary number of point light sources at infinity, forms a convex polyhedral cone in IR/sup n/ and that the dimension of this illumination cone equals the number of distinct surface normals. Furthermore, we show that the cone for a particular object can be constructed from three properly chosen images. Finally, we prove that the set of n-pixel images of an object of any shape and with an arbitrary reflectance function, seen under all possible illumination conditions, still forms a convex cone in IR/sup n/. These results immediately suggest certain approaches to object recognition. Throughout this paper, we offer results demonstrating the empirical validity of the illumination cone representation.
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Cites
Turk, M., & Pentland, A. (1991) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1991.3.1.71 · Cited by 13,733
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Ross, D. A., Lim, J., Lin, R.-S., & Yang, M.-H. (2008) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-007-0075-7 · Cited by 3,061
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Kutulakos, K. N., & Seitz, S. M. (2000) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1023/a:1008191222954 · Cited by 1,254
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Metadata
- Authors
- Belhumeur, P. N., & Kriegman, D. J.
- Venue
- Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 1996
- Pages
- 270-277
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2157500953
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 8.00
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Belhumeur, P. N., & Kriegman, D. J. (1996). What is the set of images of an object under all possible lighting conditions? Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.1996.517085
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
