The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Adaptive background mixture models for real-time tracking
Abstract
A common method for real-time segmentation of moving regions in image sequences involves "background subtraction", or thresholding the error between an estimate of the image without moving objects and the current image. The numerous approaches to this problem differ in the type of background model used and the procedure used to update the model. This paper discusses modeling each pixel as a mixture of Gaussians and using an on-line approximation to update the model. The Gaussian, distributions of the adaptive mixture model are then evaluated to determine which are most likely to result from a background process. Each pixel is classified based on whether the Gaussian distribution which represents it most effectively is considered part of the background model. This results in a stable, real-time outdoor tracker which reliably deals with lighting changes, repetitive motions from clutter, and long-term scene changes. This system has been run almost continuously for 16 months, 24 hours a day, through rain and snow.
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Citations
Cites
Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the EM Algorithm
Dempster, A. P., Laird, N. M., & Rubin, D. B. (1977) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x · Cited by 50,444
Cited by
Kirillov, A., Mintun, E., Ravi, N., Mao, H., Rolland, C., Gustafson, L., Xiao, T., Whitehead, S., Berg, A. C., Lo, W.-Y., et al. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.00371 · Cited by 11,953
“Segmentation is a broad field: there’s interactive segmentation [57, 109], edge detection [3], super pixelization [85], object proposal generation [2], foreground segmentation [94], semantic segmentation [90], instance segmentation [66], panoptic segmentation [59], etc.”
BackgroundDeepLabCut: markerless pose estimation of user-defined body parts with deep learning
Mathis, A., Mamidanna, P., Cury, K. M., Abe, T., Murthy, V. N., Mathis, M. W., & Bethge, M. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0209-y · Cited by 5,187
W/sup 4/: real-time surveillance of people and their activities
Haritaoglu, I., Harwood, D., & Davis, L. S. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.868683 · Cited by 2,523
Non-parametric Model for Background Subtraction
Elgammal, A., Harwood, D., & Davis, L. (2000) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/3-540-45053-x_48 · Cited by 2,118
Online selection of discriminative tracking features
Collins, R. T., Liu, Y., & Leordeanu, M. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2005.205 · Cited by 1,208
Metadata
- Authors
- Stauffer, C., & Grimson, W. E. L.
- Venue
- Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149)
- Publisher
- IEEE Comput. Soc
- Published
- 2003-01-20
- Pages
- 246-252
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2102625004
- Cited by
- 6,923
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 162.37
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Stauffer, C., & Grimson, W. E. L. (2003). Adaptive background mixture models for real-time tracking. Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149). https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.1999.784637
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