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Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter: breaking a visual CAPTCHA
Abstract
In this paper we explore object recognition in clutter. We test our object recognition techniques on Gimpy and EZ-Gimpy, examples of visual CAPTCHAs. A CAPTCHA ("Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart") is a program that can generate and grade tests that most humans can pass, yet current computer programs can't pass. EZ-Gimpy, currently used by Yahoo, and Gimpy are CAPTCHAs based on word recognition in the presence of clutter. These CAPTCHAs provide excellent test sets since the clutter they contain is adversarial; it is designed to confuse computer programs. We have developed efficient methods based on shape context matching that can identify the word in an EZ-Gimpy image with a success rate of 92%, and the requisite 3 words in a Gimpy image 33% of the time. The problem of identifying words in such severe clutter provides valuable insight into the more general problem of object recognition in scenes. The methods that we present are instances of a framework designed to tackle this general problem.
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Cites
Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition
Lecun, Y., Bottou, L., Bengio, Y., & Haffner, P. (1998) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/5.726791 · Cited by 58,805
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Chellapilla, K., Larson, K., Simard, P., & Czerwinski, M. (2005) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1054972.1055070 · Cited by 261
Accessible privacy and security: a universally usable human-interaction proof tool
Sauer, G., Holman, J., Lazar, J., Hochheiser, H., & Feng, J. (2010) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-009-0171-2 · Cited by 54
Practicality analysis of utilizing text-based CAPTCHA vs. graphic-based CAPTCHA authentication
Gutub, A., & Kheshaifaty, N. (2023) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-023-15586-5 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Mori, G., & Malik, J.
- Venue
- 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings.
- Publisher
- IEEE Comput. Soc
- Published
- 2003-11-20
- Pages
- I-134-I-141
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2099256741
- Cited by
- 596
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 20.92
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Mori, G., & Malik, J. (2003). Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter: breaking a visual CAPTCHA. 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211347
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