The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Linear spatial pyramid matching using sparse coding for image classification
Abstract
Recently SVMs using spatial pyramid matching (SPM) kernel have been highly successful in image classification. Despite its popularity, these nonlinear SVMs have a complexity O(n2∼ n3) in training and O(n) in testing, where n is the training size, implying that it is nontrivial to scaleup the algorithms to handlemore than thousands of training images. In this paper we develop an extension of the SPM method, by generalizing vector quantization to sparse coding followed by multi-scale spatial max pooling, and propose a linear SPM kernel based on SIFT sparse codes. This new approach remarkably reduces the complexity of SVMs to O(n) in training and a constant in testing. In a number of image categorization experiments, we find that, in terms of classification accuracy, the suggested linear SPM based on sparse coding of SIFT descriptors always significantly outperforms the linear SPM kernel on histograms, and is even better than the nonlinear SPM kernels, leading to state-of-the-art performance on several benchmarks by using a single type of descriptors.
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Cites
LIBSVM: A library for support vector machines
Chang, C.-C., & Lin, C.-J. (2011) · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · doi:10.1145/1961189.1961199 · Cited by 40,918
Beyond Bags of Features: Spatial Pyramid Matching for Recognizing Natural Scene Categories
Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., & Ponce, J. (2006) · 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2 (CVPR'06) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2006.68 · Cited by 7,916
Image Denoising Via Sparse and Redundant Representations Over Learned Dictionaries
Elad, M., & Aharon, M. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2006.881969 · Cited by 5,321
Fei-Fei, L., Fergus, R., & Perona, P. (2007) · Computer Vision and Image Understanding · doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2005.09.012 · Cited by 2,359
Sparse Representation for Color Image Restoration
Mairal, J., Elad, M., & Sapiro, G. (2008) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2007.911828 · Cited by 1,716
Cited by
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., & Sun, G. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00745 · Cited by 35,667
Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks
Zeiler, M. D., & Fergus, R. (2014) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10590-1_53 · Cited by 15,839
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., Albanie, S., Sun, G., & Wu, E. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2019.2913372 · Cited by 12,157
Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2015.2389824 · Cited by 11,971
Metadata
- Authors
- Yang, J., Yu, K., Gong, Y., & Huang, T.
- Venue
- 2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2009-06
- Pages
- 1794-1801
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2097018403
- Cited by
- 2,828
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 107.68
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Yang, J., Yu, K., Gong, Y., & Huang, T. (2009). Linear spatial pyramid matching using sparse coding for image classification. 2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206757
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