Incremental Few-Shot Object Detection
Open accessAbstract
Existing object detection methods typically rely on the availability of abundant labelled training samples per class and offline model training in a batch mode. These requirements substantially limit their scalability to open-ended accommodation of novel classes with limited labelled training data, both in terms of model accuracy and training efficiency during deployment. We present the first study aiming to go beyond these limitations by considering the Incremental Few-Shot Detection (iFSD) problem setting, where new classes must be registered incrementally (without revisiting base classes) and with few examples. To this end we propose OpeN-ended Centre nEt (ONCE), a detector designed for incrementally learning to detect novel class objects with few examples. This is achieved by an elegant adaptation of the efficient CentreNet detector to the few-shot learning scenario, and meta-learning a class-wise code generator model for registering novel classes. ONCE fully respects the incremental learning paradigm, with novel class registration requiring only a single forward pass of few-shot training samples, and no access to base classes - thus making it suitable for deployment on embedded devices, etc. Extensive experiments conducted on both the standard object detection (COCO, PASCAL VOC) and fashion landmark detection (DeepFashion2) tasks show the feasibility of iFSD for the first time, opening an interesting and very important line of research.
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For FSCIOD tasks, the data partitioning strategy by Perez-Rua et al. utilizes 20 classes overlapping with PASCAL VOC as new incremental classes and the remaining 60 as base data, with models evaluated using K ∈ {1,5,10} bounding boxes per new class.
“For FSCIOD tasks, the data partitioning strategy by PerezRua et al. [62] is commonly used. This approach utilizes 20 classes overlapping with the PASCAL VOC dataset [63] as new incremental classes and the remaining 60 as base data. FSCIOD models under this setup are evaluated using K ∈ 1 , 5 , 10 bounding boxes per new class.”
From Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey (2025) · cites this paper as [62]
Anchor-free frameworks can effectively handle incremental classes without defining anchor boxes.
“The reason is that anchor-free frameworks can effectively handle incremental classes without defining anchor boxes.”
From Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey (2025) · cites this paper as [62]
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Sorted by citations
Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Incremental Object Detection via Elastic Response Distillation
Feng, T., Wang, M., & Yuan, H. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00921 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
An Appraisal of Incremental Learning Methods
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Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey
Zhang, J., Liu, L., Silvén, O., Pietikäinen, M., & Hu, D. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3529038 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
- Authors
- Perez-Rua, J.-M., Zhu, X., Hospedales, T. M., & Xiang, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- University of Surrey (GB)
- Venue
- 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2020-06
- Pages
- 13843-13852
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3011420752
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
- Keywords
- incremental learning, few-shot object detection, meta-learning, embedded deployment
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