Cited by 570Generative Adversarial Networks and Image SynthesisDigital Media Forensic DetectionMultimodal Machine Learning Applications

DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulation

Open access
Kim, Gwanghyun, Kwon, Taesung, Ye, Jong Chul·2022·2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

Abstract

Recently, GAN inversion methods combined with Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) enables zeroshot image manipulation guided by text prompts. However, their applications to diverse real images are still difficult due to the limited GAN inversion capability. Specifically, these approaches often have difficulties in reconstructing images with novel poses, views, and highly variable contents compared to the training data, altering object identity, or producing unwanted image artifacts. To mitigate these problems and enable faithful manipulation of real images, we propose a novel method, dubbed DiffusionCLIP, that performs textdriven image manipulation using diffusion models. Based on full inversion capability and high-quality image generation power of recent diffusion models, our method performs zeroshot image manipulation successfully even between unseen domains and takes another step towards general application by manipulating images from a widely varying ImageNet dataset. Furthermore, we propose a novel noise combination method that allows straightforward multi-attribute manipulation. Extensive experiments and human evaluation confirmed robust and superior manipulation performance of our methods compared to the existing baselines. Code is available at https://github.com/gwang-kim/DiffusionCLIP.git

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00246

Cites

8 of 8 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Kim et al. proposed DiffusionCLIP, which uses diffusion models to perform text-driven image manipulation, enabling zero-shot image manipulations in both trained and unseen domains.

    “Based on the perfect inversion capability and high-quality image generation of the recent difusion models [64], Kim et al. proposed DifusionCLIP [26].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 61

  1. [1][1] Rameen Abdal, Yipeng Qin, and Peter Wonka. Image2stylegan: How to embed images into the stylegan latent space? In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision , pages 4432-4441, 2019. 1, 13, 16 -
  2. [2][2] Rameen Abdal, Yipeng Qin, and Peter Wonka. Image2stylegan++: How to edit the embedded images? In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 8296-8305, 2020. 1, 13 -
  3. [3][3] Yuval Alaluf, Or Patashnik, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Restyle a residual-based stylegan encoder via iterative refinement. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) , October 2021. 1, 2, 6, 7, 13, 16 -
  4. [4][4] David Bau, Hendrik Strobelt, William Peebles, Jonas Wulff, Bolei Zhou, Jun-Yan Zhu, and Antonio Torralba. Semantic photo manipulation with a generative image prior. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.07727 , 2020. 1, 13 - · arXiv
  5. [5][5] Ashish Bora, Ajil Jalal, Eric Price, and Alexandros G Dimakis. Compressed sensing using generative models. In International Conference on Machine Learning , pages 537546. PMLR, 2017. 2, 8, 12 -
  6. [7][7] Andrew Brock, Theodore Lim, James M Ritchie, and Nick Weston. Neural photo editing with introspective adversarial networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.07093 , 2016. 1, 13 - · arXiv
  7. [8][8] Qifeng Chen and Vladlen Koltun. Photographic image synthesis with cascaded refinement networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision , pages 1511-1520, 2017. 13 -
  8. [9][9] Jooyoung Choi, Sungwon Kim, Yonghyun Jeong, Youngjune Gwon, and Sungroh Yoon. Ilvr: Conditioning method for denoising diffusion probabilistic models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.02938 , 2021. 4, 13, 16 - · arXiv
  9. [11][11] Yunjey Choi, Youngjung Uh, Jaejun Yoo, and Jung-Woo Ha. Stargan v2: Diverse image synthesis for multiple domains. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 8188-8197, 2020. 5 -
  10. [12][12] Yunjey Choi, Youngjung Uh, Jaejun Yoo, and Jung-Woo Ha. Stargan v2: Diverse image synthesis for multiple domains. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , 2020. 5, 8, 16, 21 -
  11. [13][13] Giannis Daras, Augustus Odena, Han Zhang, and Alexandros G Dimakis. Your local gan: Designing two dimensional local attention mechanisms for generative models. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 14531-14539, 2020. 2, 8, 12 -
  12. [14][14] Tali Dekel, Chuang Gan, Dilip Krishnan, Ce Liu, and William T Freeman. Sparse, smart contours to represent and edit images. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 3511-3520, 2018. 13 -
  13. [17][17] Laurent Dinh, Jascha Sohl-Dickstein, and Samy Bengio. Density estimation using real nvp. arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.08803 , 2016. 2 - · arXiv
  14. [18][18] Patrick Esser, Robin Rombach, and Björn Ommer. A note on data biases in generative models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.02516 , 2020. 21 - · arXiv
  15. [20][20] Rinon Gal, Or Patashnik, Haggai Maron, Gal Chechik, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Stylegan-nada: Clip-guided domain adaptation of image generators. arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.00946 , 2021. 2, 3, 6, 7, 13, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 - · arXiv
  16. [21][21] Ian Goodfellow, Jean Pouget-Abadie, Mehdi Mirza, Bing Xu, David Warde-Farley, Sherjil Ozair, Aaron Courville, and Yoshua Bengio. Generative adversarial nets. Advances in neural information processing systems , 27, 2014. 2 -
  17. [22][22] Jinjin Gu, Yujun Shen, and Bolei Zhou. Image processing using multi-code gan prior. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition , pages 3012-3021, 2020. 13 -
  18. [23][23] Jonathan Ho, Ajay Jain, and Pieter Abbeel. Denoising diffusion probabilistic models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.11239 , 2020. 2, 3, 4, 12, 13, 15 - · arXiv
  19. [24][24] Minyoung Huh, Richard Zhang, Jun-Yan Zhu, Sylvain Paris, and Aaron Hertzmann. Transforming and projecting images into class-conditional generative networks. In European Conference on Computer Vision , pages 17-34. Springer, 2020. 13 -
  20. [25][25] Phillip Isola, Jun-Yan Zhu, Tinghui Zhou, and Alexei A Efros. Image-to-image translation with conditional adversarial networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition , pages 1125-1134, 2017. 13 -
  21. [26][26] Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau, Rémi Piché-Taillefer, Rémi Tachet des Combes, and Ioannis Mitliagkas. Adversarial score matching and improved sampling for image generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.05475 , 2020. 2, 13 - · arXiv
  22. [27][27] Tero Karras, Timo Aila, Samuli Laine, and Jaakko Lehtinen. Progressive growing of gans for improved quality, stability, and variation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.10196 , 2017. 5, 7, 8, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23 - · arXiv
  23. [29][29] Tero Karras, Samuli Laine, Miika Aittala, Janne Hellsten, Jaakko Lehtinen, and Timo Aila. Analyzing and improving the image quality of stylegan. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 8110-8119, 2020. 2, 7, 18 -
  24. [30][30] Diederik P Kingma and Prafulla Dhariwal. Glow: Generative flow with invertible 1x1 convolutions. arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.03039 , 2018. 2 - · arXiv
  25. [31][31] Diederik P Kingma and Max Welling. Auto-encoding variational bayes. arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6114 , 2013. 2 - · arXiv
  26. [32][32] Tsung-Yi Lin, Piotr Dollár, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He, Bharath Hariharan, and Serge Belongie. Feature pyramid networks for object detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition , pages 2117-2125, 2017. 16 -
  27. [33][33] Chenlin Meng, Yang Song, Jiaming Song, Jiajun Wu, JunYan Zhu, and Stefano Ermon. Sdedit: Image synthesis and editing with stochastic differential equations. arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.01073 , 2021. 4, 13, 15, 16 - · arXiv
  28. [34][34] Jacob Menick and Nal Kalchbrenner. Generating high fidelity images with subscale pixel networks and multidimensional upscaling. arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.01608 , 2018. 2 - · arXiv
  29. [36][36] Alex Nichol and Prafulla Dhariwal. Improved denoising diffusion probabilistic models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.09672 , 2021. 12, 16 - · arXiv
  30. [37][37] Aaron van den Oord, Oriol Vinyals, and Koray Kavukcuoglu. Neural discrete representation learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.00937 , 2017. 2 - · arXiv
  31. [38][38] Taesung Park, Ming-Yu Liu, Ting-Chun Wang, and Jun-Yan Zhu. Semantic image synthesis with spatially-adaptive normalization. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 2337-2346, 2019. 13 -
  32. [39][39] Or Patashnik, Zongze Wu, Eli Shechtman, Daniel Cohen-Or, and Dani Lischinski. Styleclip: Text-driven manipulation of stylegan imagery. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.17249 , 2021. 2, 3, 6, 7, 13, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 - · arXiv
  33. [40][40] Tiziano Portenier, Qiyang Hu, Attila Szabo, Siavash Arjomand Bigdeli, Paolo Favaro, and Matthias Zwicker. Faceshop: Deep sketch-based face image editing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.08972 , 2018. 13 - · arXiv
  34. [41][41] Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, et al. Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.00020 , 2021. 2, 3, 8, 13, 17, 18, 21 - · arXiv
  35. [42][42] Prajit Ramachandran, Barret Zoph, and Quoc V Le. Searching for activation functions. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.05941 , 2017. 16 - · arXiv
  36. [43][43] Ali Razavi, Aaron van den Oord, and Oriol Vinyals. Generating diverse high-fidelity images with vq-vae-2. In Advances in neural information processing systems , pages 14866-14876, 2019. 2 -
  37. [44][44] Danilo Rezende and Shakir Mohamed. Variational inference with normalizing flows. In International conference on machine learning , pages 1530-1538. PMLR, 2015. 2 -
  38. [45][45] Elad Richardson, Yuval Alaluf, Or Patashnik, Yotam Nitzan, Yaniv Azar, Stav Shapiro, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Encoding in style: a stylegan encoder for image-to-image translation. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 2287-2296, 2021. 1, 2, 6, 7, 13, 16 -
  39. [46][46] Daniel Roich, Ron Mokady, Amit H Bermano, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Pivotal tuning for latent-based editing of real images. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.05744 , 2021. 13 - · arXiv
  40. [50][50] Yujun Shen, Ceyuan Yang, Xiaoou Tang, and Bolei Zhou. Interfacegan: Interpreting the disentangled face representation learned by gans. IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence , 2020. 18 -
  41. [51][51] Jascha Sohl-Dickstein, Eric Weiss, Niru Maheswaranathan, and Surya Ganguli. Deep unsupervised learning using nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In International Conference on Machine Learning , pages 2256-2265. PMLR, 2015. 2, 13 -
  42. [52][52] Jiaming Song, Chenlin Meng, and Stefano Ermon. Denoising diffusion implicit models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.02502 , 2020. 2, 3, 4, 13, 14 - · arXiv
  43. [53][53] Yang Song and Stefano Ermon. Generative modeling by estimating gradients of the data distribution. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.05600 , 2019. 2, 13 - · arXiv
  44. [55][55] Omer Tov, Yuval Alaluf, Yotam Nitzan, Or Patashnik, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Designing an encoder for stylegan image manipulation. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) , 40(4):1-14, 2021. 1, 2, 6, 7, 13, 16, 18 -
  45. [56][56] Aaron Van Oord, Nal Kalchbrenner, and Koray Kavukcuoglu. Pixel recurrent neural networks. In International Conference on Machine Learning , pages 1747-1756. PMLR, 2016. 2 -
  46. [57][57] Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, Łukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin. Attention is all you need. In Advances in neural information processing systems , pages 5998-6008, 2017. 4, 16 -
  47. [58][58] Tengfei Wang, Yong Zhang, Yanbo Fan, Jue Wang, and Qifeng Chen. High-fidelity gan inversion for image attribute editing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2109.06590 , 2021. 6, 13, 16 - · arXiv
  48. [59][59] Ting-Chun Wang, Ming-Yu Liu, Jun-Yan Zhu, Andrew Tao, Jan Kautz, and Bryan Catanzaro. High-resolution image synthesis and semantic manipulation with conditional gans. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition , pages 8798-8807, 2018. 13 -
  49. [60][60] Yuxin Wu and Kaiming He. Group normalization. In Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV) , pages 3-19, 2018. 16 -
  50. [61][61] Zongze Wu, Dani Lischinski, and Eli Shechtman. Stylespace analysis: Disentangled controls for stylegan image generation. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 12863-12872, 2021. 13, 18 -
  51. [62][62] Weihao Xia, Yujiu Yang, Jing-Hao Xue, and Baoyuan Wu. Tedigan: Text-guided diverse face image generation and manipulation. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 2256-2265, 2021. 6 -
  52. [63][63] Changqian Yu, Jingbo Wang, Chao Peng, Changxin Gao, Gang Yu, and Nong Sang. Bisenet: Bilateral segmentation network for real-time semantic segmentation. In Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV) , pages 325-341, 2018. 8, 17 -
  53. [64][64] Fisher Yu, Yinda Zhang, Shuran Song, Ari Seff, and Jianxiong Xiao. Lsun: Construction of a large-scale image dataset using deep learning with humans in the loop. arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.03365 , 2015. 2, 5, 7, 8, 13, 15, 17, 21 - · arXiv
  54. [65][65] Sergey Zagoruyko and Nikos Komodakis. Wide residual networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.07146 , 2016. 15 - · arXiv
  55. [66][66] Richard Zhang, Phillip Isola, Alexei A Efros, Eli Shechtman, and Oliver Wang. The unreasonable effectiveness of deep features as a perceptual metric. In CVPR , 2018. 6 -
  56. [67][67] Bolei Zhou, Hang Zhao, Xavier Puig, Sanja Fidler, Adela Barriuso, and Antonio Torralba. Scene parsing through ade20k dataset. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , 2017. 8, 17 -
  57. [68][68] Bolei Zhou, Hang Zhao, Xavier Puig, Tete Xiao, Sanja Fidler, Adela Barriuso, and Antonio Torralba. Semantic understanding of scenes through the ade20k dataset. International Journal on Computer Vision , 2018. 8, 17 -
  58. [69][69] Jiapeng Zhu, Yujun Shen, Deli Zhao, and Bolei Zhou. Indomain gan inversion for real image editing. In European conference on computer vision , pages 592-608. Springer, 2020. 7, 13, 18 -
  59. [70][70] Jun-Yan Zhu, Philipp Krähenbühl, Eli Shechtman, and Alexei A Efros. Generative visual manipulation on the natural image manifold. In European conference on computer vision , pages 597-613. Springer, 2016. 13 -
  60. [71][71] Jun-Yan Zhu, Taesung Park, Phillip Isola, and Alexei A Efros. Unpaired image-to-image translation using cycle-consistent adversarial networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision , pages 2223-2232, 2017. 13 -
  61. [72][72] Peihao Zhu, Rameen Abdal, Yipeng Qin, and Peter Wonka. Sean: Image synthesis with semantic region-adaptive normalization. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition , pages 5104-5113, 2020. 13 Figure 12. DiffusionCLIP can even perform manipulation of 512 × 512 images using the ImageNet [49] pretrained diffusion models. Thanks to the near-perfect inversion capability, DiffusionCLIP enables the zero-shot text-driven manipulation, moving a step forward to the general text-driven manipulation. In contrast, due to the diversity of the images in ImageNet, GAN-based inversion and its manipulation in the latent space of ImageNet shows limited performance [5,13]. Hence, zero-shot text-driven manipulation using ImageNet pretrained GAN have been rarely explored. For more results, see Fig. 18, 28, 29 and 30. <!-- image -->

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kim, G., Kwon, T., & Ye, J. C.
Affiliations
  • Dept. of Bio and Brain Engineering
  • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
Venue
2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Publisher
IEEE
Published
2022-06
Pages
2416-2425
ISSN
1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4312740349
Cited by
570
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 77 · 2025: 175 · 2024: 200 · 2023: 112 · 2022: 6
FWCI
44.70
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Digital Media Forensic Detection
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
Keywords
diffusion models, CLIP, image inversion, image generation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review