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Intern VL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Tasks
Open accessAbstract
The exponential growth of large language models (LLMs) has opened up numerous possibilities for multi-modal AGI systems. However, the progress in vision and vision-language foundation models, which are also critical elements of multi-modal AGI, has not kept pace with LLMs. In this work, we design a large-scale vision-language foun-dation model (Intern VL), which scales up the vision foun-dation model to 6 billion parameters and progressively aligns it with the LLM, using web-scale image-text data from various sources. This model can be broadly applied to and achieve state-of-the-art performance on 32 generic visual-linguistic benchmarks including visual perception tasks such as image-level or pixel-level recognition, vision-language tasks such as zero-shot image/video classification, zero-shot image/video-text retrieval, and link with LLMs to create multi-modal dialogue systems. It has powerful visual capabilities and can be a good alternative to the ViT-22B. We hope that our research could contribute to the development of multi-modal large models.
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“Context-aware modeling is widely used across various domains, including natural language processing [219], computer vision [220], and recommendation systems [221], where it can substantially boost both system performance and user experience.”
From Multimodal fusion and vision–language models: A survey for robot vision (2026) · cites this paper as [219]
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SAHs: Unraveling Safety Attention Heads in Large Vision-Language Models
Zheng, Z., He, L., Zhao, J. Z., Yang, L., & Li, F. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2026.3710895 · Cited by 1
D 2 -STX: Decoupling Spatial-Temporal Cross-Attention for Dual-Branch Repetitive Action Counting
Wang, X., Wang, H., Liu, Y., Hu, H., & Yu, B. X. B. (2026) · doi:10.1109/cvprf71909.2026.00788 · Cited by 1
LED: LLM Enhanced Open-Vocabulary Object Detection without Human Curated Data Generation
Zhou, Y., Zhao, S., Chen, Y., Wang, Z., Jin, C., Zhao, M., & Metaxas, D. N. (2026) · doi:10.1109/cvprf71909.2026.00923 · Cited by 1
PRIDE: Pediatric Radiological Image Diagnosis Engine Guided by Medical Domain Knowledge
Zhao, Y., Pang, S., Wang, Z., He, W., Wang, Y., Zhao, R.-W., Feng, R., & Zhang, X. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM) · doi:10.1109/bibm62325.2024.10822246 · Cited by 1
LaTeXNet: A Specialized Model for Converting Visual Tables and Equations to LaTeX Code
Xia, R., Zhou, H., Feng, Z., Liu, H., Chen, B., Zhang, B., & Yan, J. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10887698 · Cited by 1
Enhancing Video Retrieval via Synergized Image Embeddings and RAG
Khac, T. N., Nguyen, V.-L., Tran, T. H., Nguyen-Le, D.-K., Long, U. C. K., Quy, B. T., & Nguyen, T.-C. (2025) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-4291-5_3 · Cited by 1
Multi-modal data augmentation based on masked modeling for image–text retrieval
Wang, M., Chao, G., Wang, X., Chen, Y., Xie, X., & Chu, D. (2025) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2025.113821 · Cited by 1
Liu, X., Wang, Y., & Zhao, J. (2025) · Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL-HLT) · doi:10.18653/v1/2025.naacl-srw.37 · Cited by 1
The converging moment of chemistry and artificial intelligence: a review and outlook
Zhang, W., Zhang, Y., Xiong, J., Zheng, M., & Chen, K. (2025) · Scientia Sinica Chimica · doi:10.1360/ssc-2025-0111 · Cited by 1
Conditional autoregressive model based on next scale prediction for missing data reconstruction
Wang, S., Wang, X., Yang, Y. O., Jiang, P., Wang, B., & Li, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-08830-5 · Cited by 1
UQ-Merge: Uncertainty Guided Multimodal Large Language Model Merging
Qu, H., Zhao, X., Peng, J., Lee, K., Dariush, B., & Chen, T. (2025) · Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL (Findings of ACL) · doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.73 · Cited by 3
PENCARIAN CERDAS ANTAR-MODA : EVOLUSI TEKNOLOGI VIDEO-TEXT RETRIEVAL
Asyhari, M. F., Dimas, F., Bakar, A., & Bastian, A. (2025) · Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan · doi:10.23960/jitet.v13i3.6607 · Cited by 1
SPIN-SGG: spatial integration for open-vocabulary scene graph generation
Liang, N., Yang, X., Wang, S., Liu, Y., & Xia, Y. (2025) · Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences · doi:10.1007/s44443-025-00203-2 · Cited by 1
Gao, H., Chen, J., He, M., Wang, J., Wu, S., Zhong, H. F., Bo, J., Zhou, Y. J., & Fan, L. (2025) · Displays · doi:10.1016/j.displa.2025.103181 · Cited by 1
Xu, Y., Yu, D., Chen, X., Yang, Q., Wang, S., & Yan, W. (2025) · Journal of Systems and Software · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2025.112629 · Cited by 1
GLDesigner: Leveraging Multi-Modal LLMs as Designer for Enhanced Aesthetic Text Glyph Layouts
He, J., Wang, Y., Wang, L., Lu, H., Li, C., Chen, H., Lan, J.-P., He, J.-Y., Luo, B., & Geng, Y. (2025) · ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM MM) · doi:10.1145/3746027.3755289 · Cited by 1
DUAL-VAD: Dual Benchmarks and Anomaly-Focused Sampling for Video Anomaly Detection
Jung, S., Song, T., Joshua, J. D., Lee, J., & Lee, S. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia) · doi:10.1109/icce-asia67487.2025.11263568 · Cited by 2
Ung, H. Q., Habault, G., Nishimura, Y., Niu, H., Legaspi, R., Oya, T., Kojima, R., Taya, M., Ono, C., Minamikawa, A., et al. (2025) · ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (SIGSPATIAL GIS) · doi:10.1145/3748636.3762755 · Cited by 1
Few-Shot Continual Learning for Activity Recognition in Classroom Surveillance Images
Qian, Y., Geng, K., Chen, K., Cheng, S., Xu, L., Meng, F., Wu, Q., & Li, H. (2025) · International Conference on Intelligent Perception and Computer Vision (CIPCV) · doi:10.1109/cipcv65863.2025.00019 · Cited by 1
Nova: Real-Time Agentic Vision-Language Model Serving With Adaptive Cross-Stage Parallelization
Xu, Y., Liu, S., Zhang, D., Yan, B., Wu, F., & Chen, G. (2025) · IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS) · doi:10.1109/rtss66672.2025.00038 · Cited by 2
Self-citationOpenGround: Planning-Based Online Perception for Open-World 3D Visual Grounding
Huang, W., Zhang, Z., Wang, Z., Wei, Z., Huang, T., Zhao, F., & Yang, J. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-37013-6_25 · Cited by 4
VLMs-in-the-Wild: Bridging the Gap Between Academic Benchmarks and Enterprise Reality
Bandraupalli, S., Gajera, M., Saifee, A. A., & Parwar, A. (2025) · International Conference on AI-ML Systems (AIMLSystems) · doi:10.1109/aimlsystems67835.2025.11330553 · Cited by 1
Zhou, S., Wu, H., Zhang, Y., Zhong, Q., Diao, Y., Fang, H., Xu, Y., & Yu, H. (2026) · Array · doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100717 · Cited by 2
Few-Shot Vision-Language Reasoning for Satellite Imagery via Verifiable Rewards
Köksal, A., & Alatan, A. A. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops · doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00719 · Cited by 1
Kim, J., Hayeon, O., Oh, Y., An, K., & Lee, D. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops · doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00091 · Cited by 1
MedBLINK: Probing Basic Perception in Multimodal Language Models for Medicine
Bigverdi, M., Ikezogwo, W. O., Zhang, K., Jeong, H., Lu, M., Cho, S., Shapiro, L. G., & Krishna, R. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops · doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00132 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Chen, Z., Wu, J., Wang, W., Su, W., Chen, G., Xing, S., Zhong, M., Zhang, Q., Zhu, X., Lu, L., Li, B., Luo, P., Lu, T., Qiao, Y., & Dai, J.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing University (CN)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CN)
- Sensetime (China) (CN)
- Nanjing University
- Tsinghua University
- Venue
- 2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2024-06-16
- Pages
- 24185-24198
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4402713111
- Cited by
- 734
- References
- 145
- Citations by year
- 2026: 360 · 2025: 331 · 2024: 43
- FWCI
- 151.51
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (62376134,62372223)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Keywords
- vision-language foundation models, vision foundation models, LLM alignment, zero-shot image classification, image-text retrieval, visual perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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