The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Understanding Low- and High-Level Contributions to Fixation Prediction
Abstract
Understanding where people look in images is an important problem in computer vision. Despite significant research, it remains unclear to what extent human fixations can be predicted by low-level (contrast) compared to highlevel (presence of objects) image features. Here we address this problem by introducing two novel models that use different feature spaces but the same readout architecture. The first model predicts human fixations based on deep neural network features trained on object recognition. This model sets a new state-of-the art in fixation prediction by achieving top performance in area under the curve metrics on the MIT300 hold-out benchmark (AUC = 88%, sAUC = 77%, NSS = 2.34). The second model uses purely low-level (isotropic contrast) features. This model achieves better performance than all models not using features pretrained on object recognition, making it a strong baseline to assess the utility of high-level features. We then evaluate and visualize which fixations are better explained by lowlevel compared to high-level image features. Surprisingly we find that a substantial proportion of fixations are better explained by the simple low-level model than the stateof- the-art model. Comparing different features within the same powerful readout architecture allows us to better understand the relevance of low- versus high-level features in predicting fixation locations, while simultaneously achieving state-of-the-art saliency prediction.
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Cites
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Cited by
Human Hands as Probes for Interactive Object Understanding
Goyal, M., Modi, S., Goyal, R., & Gupta, S. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00329 · Cited by 31
Metadata
- Authors
- Kummerer, M., Wallis, T. S. A., Gatys, L. A., & Bethge, M.
- Venue
- 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2017-10
- Pages
- 4799-4808
- OpenAlex
- W2738450183
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 48
- FWCI
- 9.38
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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