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Cited by 251

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Universal approximation using feedforward networks with non-sigmoid hidden layer activation functions

Stinchcombe, White·1989·International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

Abstract

K.M. Hornik, M. Stinchcombe, and H. White (Univ. of California at San Diego, Dept. of Economics Discussion Paper, June 1988; to appear in Neural Networks) showed that multilayer feedforward networks with as few as one hidden layer, no squashing at the output layer, and arbitrary sigmoid activation function at the hidden layer are universal approximators: they are capable of arbitrarily accurate approximation to arbitrary mappings, provided sufficiently many hidden units are available. The present authors obtain identical conclusions but do not require the hidden-unit activation to be sigmoid. Instead, it can be a rather general nonlinear function. Thus, multilayer feedforward networks possess universal approximation capabilities by virtue of the presence of intermediate layers with sufficiently many parallel processors; the properties of the intermediate-layer activation function are not so crucial. In particular, sigmoid activation functions are not necessary for universal approximation.>

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Metadata

Authors
Stinchcombe, & White
Venue
International Joint Conference on Neural Networks
Publisher
IEEE
Published
1989
Pages
613-617 vol.1
OpenAlex
W2090270852
Cited by
251
References
2
FWCI
14.14
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Universal approximation using feedforward networks with non-sigmoid hidden layer activation functions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/ijcnn.1989.118640
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Stinchcombe, & White. (1989). Universal approximation using feedforward networks with non-sigmoid hidden layer activation functions. International Joint Conference on Neural Networks. https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.1989.118640

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