The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
5G Embraces Satellites for 6G Ubiquitous IoT: Basic Models for Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks
Open accessAbstract
Terrestrial communication networks mainly focus on users in urban areas but have poor coverage performance in harsh environments, such as mountains, deserts, and oceans. Satellites can be exploited to extend the coverage of terrestrial fifth-generation networks. However, satellites are restricted by their high latency and relatively low data rate. Consequently, the integration of terrestrial and satellite components has been widely studied to take advantage of both sides and enable the seamless broadband coverage. Due to the significant differences between satellite communications (SatComs) and terrestrial communications (TerComs) in terms of channel fading, transmission delay, mobility, and coverage performance, the establishment of an efficient hybrid satellite-terrestrial network (HSTN) still faces many challenges. In general, it is difficult to decompose an HSTN into a sum of separate satellite and terrestrial links due to the complicated coupling relationships therein. To uncover the complete picture of HSTNs, we regard the HSTN as a combination of basic cooperative models that contain the main traits of satellite-terrestrial integration but are much simpler and thus more tractable than the large-scale heterogeneous HSTNs. In particular, we present three basic cooperative models, i.e., model X, model L, and model V, and provide a survey of the state-of-the-art technologies for each of them. We discuss future research directions toward establishing a cell-free, hierarchical, decoupled HSTN. We also outline open issues to envision an agile, smart, and secure HSTN for the sixth-generation ubiquitous Internet of Things.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network: A Survey
Liu, J., Shi, Y., Fadlullah, Z. M., & Kato, N. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2841996 · Cited by 1,281
A Survey on Hybrid Beamforming Techniques in 5G: Architecture and System Model Perspectives
Ahmed, I., Khammari, H., Shahid, A., Musa, A., Kim, K. S., De Poorter, E., & Moerman, I. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2843719 · Cited by 818
Non-Terrestrial Networks in the 6G Era: Challenges and Opportunities
Giordani, M., & Zorzi, M. (2021) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.011.2000493 · Cited by 681
A survey of mobility management in next-generation all-IP-based wireless systems
Akyildiz, I. F., Xie, J. L., & Mohanty, S. (2004) · IEEE Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/mwc.2004.1325888 · Cited by 629
A Survey on Green 6G Network: Architecture and Technologies
Huang, T., Yang, W., Wu, J., Ma, J., Zhang, X., & Zhang, D. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2957648 · Cited by 562
Optimizing Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks by Artificial Intelligence
Kato, N., Fadlullah, Z. M., Tang, F., Mao, B., Tani, S., Okamura, A., & Liu, J. (2019) · IEEE Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/mwc.2018.1800365 · Cited by 404
Zhang, Z., Zhang, W., & Tseng, F.-H. (2019) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1800172 · Cited by 375
Architectures and Key Technical Challenges for 5G Systems Incorporating Satellites
Guidotti, A., Vanelli-Coralli, A., Conti, M., Andrenacci, S., Chatzinotas, S., Maturo, N., Evans, B., Awoseyila, A., Ugolini, A., Foggi, T., et al. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2895263 · Cited by 370
Wei, T., Feng, W., Chen, Y., Wang, C.-X., Ge, N., & Lu, J. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3056091 · Cited by 366
Self-citationSatellite-5G Integration: A Network Perspective
Giambene, G., Kota, S., & Pillai, P. (2018) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1800037 · Cited by 341
Cited by
6G Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey
Nguyen, D. C., Ding, M., Pathirana, P. N., Seneviratne, A., Li, J., Niyato, D., Dobre, O., & Poor, H. V. (2022) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3103320 · Cited by 1,452
Cellular, Wide-Area, and Non-Terrestrial IoT: A Survey on 5G Advances and the Road Toward 6G
Vaezi, M., Azari, A., Khosravirad, S. R., Shirvanimoghaddam, M., Azari, M. M., Chasaki, D., & Popovski, P. (2022) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2022.3151028 · Cited by 631
Covert Communications: A Comprehensive Survey
Chen, X., An, J., Xiong, Z., Xing, C., Zhao, N., Yu, F. R., & Nallanathan, A. (2023) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2023.3263921 · Cited by 371
Millimeter-Wave Array Antennas Using Broadband 3D Folded Strip Elements for B5G/6G Communications
Xu, J., Xia, X., Luk, K.-M., & Hong, W. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · doi:10.1109/tap.2022.3213422 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Fang, X., Feng, W., Wei, T., Chen, Y., Ge, N., & Wang, C.-X.
- Venue
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal
- Published
- 2021-09-15
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 14399-14417
- ISSN
- 2327-4662 (ISSN-L)
- 2372-2541
- OpenAlex
- W3103408716
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 74
- FWCI
- 23.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: 5G Embraces Satellites for 6G Ubiquitous IoT: Basic Models for Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/jiot.2021.3068596
- The paper
- Fang, X., Feng, W., Wei, T., Chen, Y., Ge, N., & Wang, C.-X. (2021). 5G Embraces Satellites for 6G Ubiquitous IoT: Basic Models for Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal. https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3068596
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
