CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 5,050Software-Defined Networks and 5GAdvanced Optical Network TechnologiesCaching and Content Delivery

Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey

Open access
Kreutz, Diego, Ramos, Fernando M. V., Esteves Verissimo, Paulo, Esteve Rothenberg, Christian, Azodolmolky, Siamak, Uhlig, Steve·2015·Proceedings of the IEEE
DOI 10.1109/jproc.2014.2371999
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere. However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage. It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load, and changes. To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together. Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this state of affairs, by breaking vertical integration, separating the network's control logic from the underlying routers and switches, promoting (logical) centralization of network control, and introducing the ability to program the network. The separation of concerns, introduced between the definition of network policies, their implementation in switching hardware, and the forwarding of traffic, is key to the desired flexibility: by breaking the network control problem into tractable pieces, SDN makes it easier to create and introduce new abstractions in networking, simplifying network management and facilitating network evolution. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on SDN. We start by introducing the motivation for SDN, explain its main concepts and how it differs from traditional networking, its roots, and the standardization activities regarding this novel paradigm. Next, we present the key building blocks of an SDN infrastructure using a bottom-up, layered approach. We provide an in-depth analysis of the hardware infrastructure, southbound and northbound application programming interfaces (APIs), network virtualization layers, network operating systems (SDN controllers), network programming languages, and network applications. We also look at cross-layer problems such as debugging and troubleshooting. In an effort to anticipate the future evolution of this new paradigm, we discuss the main ongoing research efforts and challenges of SDN. In particular, we address the design of switches and control platforms - with a focus on aspects such as resiliency, scalability, performance, security, and dependability - as well as new opportunities for carrier transport networks and cloud providers. Last but not least, we analyze the position of SDN as a key enabler of a software-defined environment.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/jproc.2014.2371999

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Network partitioning and sandboxed deployment can limit the blast radius of compromised agents.

    “Hardware-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) provide hardware-enforced memory isolation for sensitive agent components, preventing even a compromised host OS or hypervisor from accessing protected data, while network partitioning, for example using ideas from software-defined networking (Kreutz et al., 2015), and sandboxed deployment can limit the blast radius of compromised agents.”

    From Open Challenges in Multi-Agent Security: Towards Secure Systems of Interacting AI Agents (2025) · cites this paper as Kreutz et al., 2015

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 489 · Cited by 5,050

Research works printed but not linked: 74

  1. S. Jain, A. Kumar, S. Mandal, J. Ong, L. Poutievski, A. Singh, S. Venkata, J. Wanderer, J. Zhou, M. Zhu, J. Zolla, U. Hölzle, S. Stuart, and A. Vahdat, "B4: experience with a globally-deployed software defined wan," in Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM, ser. SIGCOMM '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 3-14.
  2. N. Feamster and H. Balakrishnan, "Detecting BGP configuration faults with static analysis," in Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Sympo- sium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation -Volume 2, ser. NSDI'05. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2005, pp. 43- 56.
  3. R. Barrett, S. Haar, and R. Whitestone, "Routing snafu causes internet outage," Interactive Week, April, vol. 25, 1997.
  4. H. Alkhatib, P. Faraboschi, E. Frachtenberg, H. Kasahara, D. Lange, P. Laplante, A. Merchant, D. Milojicic, and K. Schwan, "IEEE CS 2022 report (draft)," IEEE Computer Society, Tech. Rep., February 2014.
  5. M. Casado, M. J. Freedman, J. Pettit, J. Luo, N. McKeown, and S. Shenker, "Ethane: taking control of the enterprise," in Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications, ser. SIGCOMM '07. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2007, pp. 1-12.
  6. B. Chun, D. Culler, T. Roscoe, A. Bavier, L. Peterson, M. Wawrzoniak, and M. Bowman, "Planetlab: An overlay testbed for broad-coverage services," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 3- 12, Jul. 2003.
  7. Y. Mundada, R. Sherwood, and N. Feamster, "An openflow switch element for click," in in Symposium on Click Modular Router. Citeseer, 2009, p. 1. [Online]. Available: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/ ∼ yogeshm3/click symposium2009.pdf
  8. G. Bianchi, M. Bonola, A. Capone, and C. Cascone, "OpenState: Pro- gramming platform-independent stateful OpenFlow applications inside the switch," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 44-51, Apr. 2014.
  9. B. Belter, A. Binczewski, K. Dombek, A. Juszczyk, L. Ogrodowczyk, D. Parniewicz, M. Stroinski, and I. Olszewski, "Programmable abstrac- tion of datapath," in Third European Workshop on Software Defined Networks, 2014, pp. 7-12.
  10. D. A. Drutskoy, "Software-Defined Network Virtualization with FlowN," Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Computer Science of Princeton University, Jun 2012.
  11. A. Al-Shabibi, M. De Leenheer, M. Gerola, A. Koshibe, G. Parulkar, E. Salvadori, and B. Snow, "OpenVirteX: Make your virtual SDNs programmable," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 25-30.
  12. A. Gudipati, L. E. Li, and S. Katti, "Radiovisor: A slicing plane for radio access networks," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 237-238.
  13. D. Depaoli, R. Doriguzzi-Corin, M. Gerola, and E. Salvadori, "Demon- strating a distributed and version-agnostic OpenFlow slicing mecha- nism," in Third European Workshop on Software Defined Networks, 2014, p. 2.
  14. Z. Bozakov and P. Papadimitriou, "AutoSlice: automated and scalable slicing for software-defined networks," in Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on CoNEXT student workshop, ser. CoNEXT Student '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 3-4.
  15. A. Tootoonchian, S. Gorbunov, Y. Ganjali, M. Casado, and R. Sher- wood, "On controller performance in software-defined networks," in Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX conference on Hot Topics in Manage- ment of Internet, Cloud, and Enterprise Networks and Services, ser. Hot-ICE'12. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2012, pp. 10-10.
  16. A. Krishnamurthy, S. P. Chandrabose, and A. Gember-Jacobson, "Pratyaastha: An efficient elastic distributed SDN control plane," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 133-138.
  17. S. Matsumoto, S. Hitz, and A. Perrig, "Fleet: Defending SDNs from malicious administrators," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 103-108.
  18. M. Canini, P. Kuznetsov, D. Levin, and S. Schmid, "Software trans- actional networking: concurrent and consistent policy composition," in Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking, ser. HotSDN '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 1-6.
  19. W. Stallings, "Software-defined networks and OpenFlow," The Internet Protocol Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/ archived issues/ipj 16-1/161 sdn.html
  20. R. Hand and E. Keller, "ClosedFlow: OpenFlow-like control over proprietary devices," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 7-12.
  21. A. Voellmy, H. Kim, and N. Feamster, "Procera: a language for high- level reactive network control," in Proceedings of the first workshop on Hot topics in software defined networks, ser. HotSDN '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 43-48.
  22. C. Monsanto, J. Reich, N. Foster, J. Rexford, and D. Walker, "Com- posing software-defined networks," in Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, ser. nsdi'13. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2013, pp. 1-14.
  23. C. J. Anderson, N. Foster, A. Guha, J.-B. Jeannin, D. Kozen, C. Schlesinger, and D. Walker, "NetKAT: Semantic foundations for networks," SIGPLAN Not., vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 113-126, Jan. 2014.
  24. S. Hassas Yeganeh and Y. Ganjali, "Kandoo: A framework for efficient and scalable offloading of control applications," in Proceedings of the First Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networks, ser. HotSDN '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 19-24.
  25. A. Gudipati, D. Perry, L. E. Li, and S. Katti, "SoftRAN: Software defined radio access network," in Proceedings of the second workshop on Hot topics in software defined networks, ser. HotSDN '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013.
  26. Austin Common Standards Revision Group, "POSIX," 2014. [Online]. Available: http://standards.ieee.org/develop/wg/POSIX.html
  27. M. Yu, A. Wundsam, and M. Raju, "NOSIX: A lightweight portability layer for the SDN OS," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 28-35, Apr. 2014.
  28. T. Nelson, A. D. Ferguson, M. J. Scheer, and S. Krishnamurthi, "Tier- less Programming and Reasoning for Software-Defined Networks," in 11th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Imple- mentation (NSDI 14). Seattle, WA: USENIX Association, Apr. 2014, pp. 519-531.
  29. N. P. Katta, J. Rexford, and D. Walker, "Logic programming for software-defined networks," in Workshop on Cross-Model Design and Validation (XLDI), 2012, pp. 1-3. [Online]. Available: https://www.cs.princeton.edu/ ∼ dpw/papers/xldi-2012.pdf
  30. M. Reitblatt, M. Canini, A. Guha, and N. Foster, "Fattire: Declarative fault tolerance for software defined networks," in Proceedings of the second workshop on Hot topics in software defined networks, ser. HotSDN '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013.
  31. A. Voellmy, J. Wang, Y. R. Yang, B. Ford, and P. Hudak, "Maple: simplifying SDN programming using algorithmic policies," in Pro- ceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM, ser. SIGCOMM '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 87-98.
  32. M. S. Seddiki, M. Shahbaz, S. Donovan, S. Grover, M. Park, N. Feam- ster, and Y.-Q. Song, "FlowQoS: QoS for the rest of us," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 207-208.
  33. T. Benson, A. Anand, A. Akella, and M. Zhang, "MicroTE: Fine grained traffic engineering for data centers," in Proceedings of the Seventh COnference on Emerging Networking EXperiments and Tech- nologies, ser. CoNEXT '11. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2011, pp. 8:1-8:12.
  34. K. Nagaraj and S. Katti, "ProCel: Smart traffic handling for a scalable software epc," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 43-48.
  35. P. Xiong and H. Hacigümüs, "Pronto: A software-defined networking based system for performance management of analytical queries on distributed data stores," PVLDB, vol. 7, no. 13, pp. 1661-1664, 2014.
  36. J. Vestin, P. Dely, A. Kassler, N. Bayer, H. Einsiedler, and C. Peylo, "CloudMAC: towards software defined WLANs," SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 42-45, Feb. 2013.
  37. M. Yang, Y. Li, D. Jin, L. Su, S. Ma, and L. Zeng, "OpenRAN: a software-defined ran architecture via virtualization," in Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM, ser. SIGCOMM '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 549-550.
  38. K.-K. Yap, M. Kobayashi, R. Sherwood, T.-Y. Huang, M. Chan, N. Handigol, and N. McKeown, "OpenRoads: empowering research in mobile networks," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 125-126, Jan. 2010.
  39. S. Shirali-Shahreza and Y. Ganjali, "FleXam: flexible sampling ex- tension for monitoring and security applications in OpenFlow," in Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking, ser. HotSDN '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 167-168.
  40. T. Benson, A. Akella, A. Shaikh, and S. Sahu, "Cloudnaas: a cloud networking platform for enterprise applications," in Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, ser. SOCC '11. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2011, pp. 8:1-8:13.
  41. S. Shin, V. Yegneswaran, P. Porras, and G. Gu, "AVANT-GUARD: Scalable and Vigilant Switch Flow Management in Software-De?ned Networks," in Proceedings of the 2013 ACM conference on Computer and communications security, ser. CCS '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013.
  42. X. Jin, L. Erran Li, L. Vanbever, and J. Rexford, "SoftCell: Scalable and Flexible Cellular Core Network Architecture," in Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies, ser. CoNEXT '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013.
  43. M. Bansal, J. Mehlman, S. Katti, and P. Levis, "Openradio: a pro- grammable wireless dataplane," in Proceedings of the first workshop on Hot topics in software defined networks, ser. HotSDN '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 109-114.
  44. U. Erlingsson, M. Peinado, S. Peter, M. Budiu, and G. Mainar-Ruiz, "Fay: Extensible distributed tracing from kernels to clusters," ACM Trans. Comput. Syst., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 13:1-13:35, Nov. 2012.
  45. A. Anand and A. Akella, "Netreplay: a new network primitive," SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev., vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 14-19, Jan. 2010.
  46. E. Al-Shaer and S. Al-Haj, "FlowChecker: configuration analysis and verification of federated OpenFlow infrastructures," in Proceedings of the 3rd ACM workshop on Assurable and usable security configuration, ser. SafeConfig '10. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010, pp. 37-44.
  47. Y. Zhang, N. Beheshti, and R. Manghirmalani, "NetRevert: Rollback recovery in SDN," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 231-232.
  48. H. Hu, W. Han, G.-J. Ahn, and Z. Zhao, "FLOWGUARD: Building robust firewalls for software-defined networks," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 97-102.
  49. T. Ball, N. Bjørner, A. Gember, S. Itzhaky, A. Karbyshev, M. Sagiv, M. Schapira, and A. Valadarsky, "VeriCon: Towards verifying control- ler programs in software-defined networks," SIGPLAN Not., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 282-293, Jun. 2014.
  50. N. Laurent, S. Vissicchio, and M. Canini, "SDLoad: An extensible framework for SDN workload generation," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 215-216.
  51. A. R. Curtis, J. C. Mogul, J. Tourrilhes, P. Yalagandula, P. Sharma, and S. Banerjee, "DevoFlow: scaling flow management for high- performance networks," Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 254-265, Aug. 2011.
  52. A. Vidal, C. E. Rothenberg, and F. L. Verdi, "The libfluid OpenFlow driver implementation," in 32nd Brazilian Symposium on Computer Networks (SBRC). SBC, May 2014, p. 8. [Online]. Available: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/15183439/pubs/sbrc14- ferramentas-libfluid.pdf
  53. K. Agarwal, C. Dixon, E. Rozner, and J. Carter, "Shadow MACs: Scalable label-switching for commodity ethernet," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 157-162.
  54. R. Bifulco and M. Dusi, "Reactive logic in software-defined network- ing: Accounting for the limitations of the switches," in Third European Workshop on Software Defined Networks, 2014, p. 6.
  55. B. Stephens, A. Cox, W. Felter, C. Dixon, and J. Carter, "Past: scalable ethernet for data centers," in Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies, ser. CoNEXT '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 49-60.
  56. O. Ferkouss, I. Snaiki, O. Mounaouar, H. Dahmouni, R. Ben Ali, Y. Lemieux, and C. Omar, "A 100gig network processor platform for openflow," in Network and Service Management (CNSM), 2011 7th International Conference on, 2011, pp. 1-4.
  57. B. Yan, Y. Xu, H. Xing, K. Xi, and H. J. Chao, "CAB: A reactive wildcard rule caching system for software-defined networks," in Pro- ceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 163-168.
  58. G. Bianchi, P. Gallo, D. Garlisi, F. Giuliano, F. Gringoli, and I. Tin- nirello, "MAClets: Active MAC protocols over hard-coded devices," in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies, ser. CoNEXT '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 229-240.
  59. P. Berde, M. Gerola, J. Hart, Y. Higuchi, M. Kobayashi, T. Koide, B. Lantz, B. O'Connor, P. Radoslavov, W. Snow, and G. Parulkar, "ONOS: Towards an open, distributed SDN OS," in Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Hot Topics in Software Defined Networking, ser. HotSDN '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 1-6.
  60. A. AuYoung, S. Banerjee, J. Lee, J. C. Mogul, J. Mudigonda, L. Popa, P. Sharma, and Y. Turner, "Corybantic: Towards the Modular Compo- sition of SDN Control Programs," in Twelfth ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets-XII), College Park, MD, November 2013.
  61. E. Brewer, "Pushing the cap: Strategies for consistency and availabil- ity," Computer, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 23-29, Feb. 2012.
  62. R. Klöti, V. Kotronis, and P. Smith, "Openflow: A security analysis," in Proceedings of the Workshop on Secure Network Protocols (NPSec). IEEE, 2013, p. 6. [Online]. Available: http: //www.csg.ethz.ch/people/vkotroni/openflow sec
  63. J. P. Stringer, Q. Fu, C. Lorier, R. Nelson, and C. E. Rothenberg, "Cardigan: deploying a distributed routing fabric," in Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking, ser. HotSDN '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 169-170.
  64. C. E. Rothenberg, A. Vidal, M. R. Salvador, C. Correa, S. Lucena, F. Farias, E. Cerqueira, and A. Abelem, "Hybrid networking towards a software defined era," in Network Innovation through OpenFlow and SDN: Principles and Design book, Taylor & Francis LLC, CRC Press., 2014.
  65. H. Lu, N. Arora, H. Zhang, C. Lumezanu, J. Rhee, and G. Jiang, "Hybnet: Network manager for a hybrid network infrastructure," in Proceedings of the Industrial Track of the 13th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Middleware Conference, ser. Middleware Industry '13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 6:1-6:6.
  66. AT&T Inc., "AT&T Introduces the "User-Defined Network Cloud": A Vision for the Network of the Future," February 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.att.com/gen/press- room?pid=25274&cdvn=news&newsarticleid=37439&mapcode=
  67. A. Gember-Jacobson, R. Viswanathan, C. Prakash, R. Grandl, J. Khalid, S. Das, and A. Akella, "Opennf: Enabling innovation in network function control," in Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Conference on SIGCOMM, ser. SIGCOMM '14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014, pp. 163-174.
  68. M. Casado, T. Koponen, S. Shenker, and A. Tootoonchian, "Fabric: a retrospective on evolving SDN," in Proceedings of the first workshop on Hot topics in software defined networks, ser. HotSDN '12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012, pp. 85-90.
  69. N. Feamster, J. Rexford, S. Shenker, R. Clark, R. Hutchins, D. Levin, and J. Bailey, "SDX: A software-defined internet exchange," IETF 86 Proceedings, Orlando, US, March 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/86/slides/slides-86-sdnrg-6
  70. R. Niranjan Mysore, A. Pamboris, N. Farrington, N. Huang, P. Miri, S. Radhakrishnan, V. Subramanya, and A. Vahdat, "PortLand: A scalable fault-tolerant layer 2 data center network fabric," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 39-50, Aug. 2009.
  71. A. Greenberg, J. R. Hamilton, N. Jain, S. Kandula, C. Kim, P. Lahiri, D. A. Maltz, P. Patel, and S. Sengupta, "VL2: a scalable and flexible data center network," in Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2009 conference on Data communication, ser. SIGCOMM '09. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2009, pp. 51-62.
  72. Diego Kreutz (Member, IEEE) received the Computer Science degree (2003), the M.Sc. degree in production engineering (2007), and the M.Sc. degree in informatics (2009) from the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. Currently, he is working toward the Ph.D. degree in Informatics Engineering at the Faculty of Sciences of University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Over the past 11 years he has worked as an Assistant Professor in the Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS, Brazil, and in the Federal Uni- versity of Pampa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and as a the Software/Hardware Integration Lab (LISHA), Santa Catarina, Florianóopolis, Brazil. Out of the academia, he also has experience as an independent technical consultant on network operations and management for small and medium enterprises and government institutions. He is involved in research projects related to intrusion tolerance, security, and future networks including the TRONE, SecFuNet and SUPERCLOUD international projects. His main research interests are in network control platforms, software-defined networks, intrusion tolerance, system security and dependability, high-performance computing, and cloud computing.
  73. Fernando M. V. Ramos (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in Com- puter Science and Engineering from the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K., in 2012. He received his Master of Science degree in Telecommunica- tions from Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (with distinction, and best student award) in 2003, and the "Licenciatura?? degree in Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (5 year undergraduate course) from the University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, in 2001.
  74. He is an Assistant Professor at the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. His previous academic positions include those of Teaching Assistant (Super- visor) at the University of Cambridge; at the Higher Institute of Engineering of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; and at the University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. Over the past 12 years he has taught 20+ courses: from physics (electromag- netism) to electrical engineering (digital electronics, electric circuits, telecom- munication systems, and foundations) to computer science (operating and distributed systems, computer networks, algorithms, programming languages). Periods outside academia include working as a Researcher at Portugal Telecom and at Telefonica Research Barcelona. His current research interests include software-defined networking, network virtualization, and cloud computing, with security and dependability as an orthogonal concern. Paulo Esteves Veríssimo is currently a Professor and FNR PEARL Chair at the University of Luxembourg (UL) Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC), and head of the CritiX research group at UL's Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust. Verssimo is Fellow of the IEEE and Fellow of the ACM, and he is associate editor of the Elsevier Int?l Journal on Critical Infrastructure Protection. He is Chair of the IFIP WG 10.4 on Dependable Computing and Fault-Tolerance and vice-Chair of the Steering Committee of the IEEE/IFIP DSN conference. He is currently interested in secure and dependable distributed architectures, middleware and algorithms for: resilience of large-scale systems and critical infrastructures, privacy and integrity of highly sensitive data, and adaptability and safety of real-time networked embedded systems. He is author of over 170 peer-refereed publications and co-author of 5 books.

Authors
Kreutz, D., Ramos, F. M. V., Esteves Verissimo, P., Esteve Rothenberg, C., Azodolmolky, S., & Uhlig, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Lisbon (PT)
  • Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung mbH Göttingen (DE)
  • Queen Mary University of London (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the IEEE
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2015-01
Volume
103
Issue
1
Pages
14-76
ISSN
  • 0018-9219 (ISSN-L)
  • 1558-2256
DOI
10.1109/jproc.2014.2371999
OpenAlex
W2040340473
Cited by
5,050
References
489
Citations by year
2026: 251 · 2025: 289 · 2024: 302 · 2023: 333 · 2022: 405 · 2021: 528 · 2020: 563 · 2019: 651 · 2018: 645 · 2017: 536 · 2016: 363 · 2015: 168 · 2014: 16
FWCI
413.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html (vor)
Locations
  • Proceedings of the IEEE (publishedVersion)
  • Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion)
  • Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Software-Defined Networks and 5G
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Optical Network Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Caching and Content Delivery
Keywords
software-defined networking, control plane separation, SDN controller, northbound API, network virtualization, network operating systems, network programming languages, network applications, network security, cloud networking, network management

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review