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Cited by 2,838

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An Overview of Massive MIMO: Benefits and Challenges

Lu, Lu, Li, Geoffrey Ye, Swindlehurst, A. Lee, Ashikhmin, Alexei, Zhang, Rui·2014·IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing

Abstract

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications refers to the idea equipping cellular base stations (BSs) with a very large number of antennas, and has been shown to potentially allow for orders of magnitude improvement in spectral and energy efficiency using relatively simple (linear) processing. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art research on the topic, which has recently attracted considerable attention. We begin with an information theoretic analysis to illustrate the conjectured advantages of massive MIMO, and then we address implementation issues related to channel estimation, detection and precoding schemes. We particularly focus on the potential impact of pilot contamination caused by the use of non-orthogonal pilot sequences by users in adjacent cells. We also analyze the energy efficiency achieved by massive MIMO systems, and demonstrate how the degrees of freedom provided by massive MIMO systems enable efficient single-carrier transmission. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing massive MIMO in future wireless communications systems are discussed.

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Metadata

Authors
Lu, L., Li, G. Y., Swindlehurst, A. L., Ashikhmin, A., & Zhang, R.
Venue
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
Published
2014-10
Volume
8
Issue
5
Pages
742-758
ISSN
  • 1932-4553 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-0484
OpenAlex
W2023535408
Cited by
2,838
References
2
FWCI
115.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An Overview of Massive MIMO: Benefits and Challenges. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/jstsp.2014.2317671
The paper
Lu, L., Li, G. Y., Swindlehurst, A. L., Ashikhmin, A., & Zhang, R. (2014). An Overview of Massive MIMO: Benefits and Challenges. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing. https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2014.2317671

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