Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 425

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Median Filtering Forensics Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Chen, Jiansheng, Kang, Xiangui, Liu, Ye, Wang, Z. Jane·2015·IEEE Signal Processing Letters

Abstract

Median filtering detection has recently drawn much attention in image editing and image anti-forensic techniques. Current image median filtering forensics algorithms mainly extract features manually. To deal with the challenge of detecting median filtering from small-size and compressed image blocks, by taking into account of the properties of median filtering, we propose a median filtering detection method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which can automatically learn and obtain features directly from the image. To our best knowledge, this is the first work of applying CNNs in median filtering image forensics. Unlike conventional CNN models, the first layer of our CNN framework is a filter layer that accepts an image as the input and outputs its median filtering residual (MFR). Then, via alternating convolutional layers and pooling layers to learn hierarchical representations, we obtain multiple features for further classification. We test the proposed method on several experiments. The results show that the proposed method achieves significant performance improvements, especially in the cut-and-paste forgery detection.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/lsp.2015.2438008

Cites

21 of 21 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 21 references

Cited by

See all 425

Metadata

Authors
Chen, J., Kang, X., Liu, Y., & Wang, Z. J.
Venue
IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Published
2015-11
Volume
22
Issue
11
Pages
1849-1853
ISSN
  • 1070-9908 (ISSN-L)
  • 1558-2361
OpenAlex
W2407561938
Cited by
425
References
21
FWCI
28.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Median Filtering Forensics Based on Convolutional Neural Networks. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/lsp.2015.2438008
The paper
Chen, J., Kang, X., Liu, Y., & Wang, Z. J. (2015). Median Filtering Forensics Based on Convolutional Neural Networks. IEEE Signal Processing Letters. https://doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2015.2438008

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.