The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bare bones particle swarms
Abstract
The particle swarm algorithm has just enough moving parts to make it hard to understand. The formula is very simple, it is even easy to describe the working of the algorithm verbally, yet it is very difficult to grasp in one's mind how the particles oscillate around centers that are constantly changing; how they influence one another; how the various parameters affect the trajectory of the particle; how the topology of the swarm affects its performance; and so on. This paper strips away some traditional features of the particle swarm in the search for the properties that make it work. The particle swarm algorithm is modified by eliminating the velocity formula. Variations are compared. In the process some of the mysteries of the algorithm are revealed, we discover its similarity to other stochastic population-based problem solving methods, and new avenues of investigation are suggested or implied.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Blind variation and selective retentions in creative thought as in other knowledge processes
Campbell, D. T. (1960) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0040373 · Cited by 2,329
Cited by
Differential Evolution: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art
Das, S., & Suganthan, P. N. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · doi:10.1109/tevc.2010.2059031 · Cited by 5,307
Particle swarm optimization algorithm: An overview
Wang, D., Tan, D., & Liu, L. (2018) · Soft Computing · doi:10.1007/s00500-016-2474-6 · Cited by 3,343
A social learning particle swarm optimization algorithm for scalable optimization
Cheng, R., & Jin, Y. (2015) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2014.08.039 · Cited by 747
Cooperatively Coevolving Particle Swarms for Large Scale Optimization
Li, X., & Yao, X. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · doi:10.1109/tevc.2011.2112662 · Cited by 745
Major Advances in Particle Swarm Optimization: Theory, Analysis, and Application
Houssein, E. H., Gad, A. G., Hussain, K., & Suganthan, P. N. (2021) · Swarm and Evolutionary Computation · doi:10.1016/j.swevo.2021.100868 · Cited by 466
Retracted
Metadata
- Authors
- Kennedy, J.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Swarm Intelligence Symposium. SIS'03 (Cat. No.03EX706)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2004-03-22
- Pages
- 80-87
- OpenAlex
- W2127931254
- Cited by
- 690
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 12.58
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Bare bones particle swarms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/sis.2003.1202251
- The paper
- Kennedy, J. (2004). Bare bones particle swarms. Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Swarm Intelligence Symposium. SIS'03 (Cat. No.03EX706). https://doi.org/10.1109/sis.2003.1202251
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.