Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 480

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Cipher Printing Telegraph Systems For Secret Wire and Radio Telegraphic Communications

Vernam, G. S.·1926·Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers

Abstract

This paper describes a printing telegraph cipher system devetoped during the World War for the use of the Signal Corps, U. S. Army. This system is so designed that the messages are in secret form from the time they leave the sender until they are deciphered automatically at the office of the addressee. If copied while en route, the messages cannot be deciphered by an enemy, even though he has full knowledge of the methods and apparatus used. The operation of the equipment is described, as well as the method of using it for sending messages by wire, mail or radio. The paper also discusses the practical impossibility of preventing the copying of messages, as by wire tapping, and thte relative advantages of various codes and ciphers as regards speed, accutracy and the secrecy of their messages.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/t-aiee.1926.5061224

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 480

Metadata

Authors
Vernam, G. S.
Venue
Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers
Published
1926-01
Volume
XLV
Pages
295-301
ISSN
  • 0096-3860 (ISSN-L)
  • 2330-9431
OpenAlex
W1997102776
Cited by
480
References
0
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cipher Printing Telegraph Systems For Secret Wire and Radio Telegraphic Communications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/t-aiee.1926.5061224
The paper
Vernam, G. S. (1926). Cipher Printing Telegraph Systems For Secret Wire and Radio Telegraphic Communications. Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/t-aiee.1926.5061224

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.