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Cited by 241Wireless Power Transfer SystemsWireless Body Area NetworksNeuroscience and Neural Engineering

Modeling and optimization of printed spiral coils in air, saline, and muscle tissue environments

Open access
Uei-Ming Jow, Ghovanloo, M.·2009·IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
DOI 10.1109/tbcas.2009.2025366PMC PMC2952973
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Abstract

Printed spiral coils (PSCs) are viable candidates for near-field wireless power transmission to the next generation of high-performance neuroprosthetic devices with extreme size constraints, which will target intraocular and intracranial spaces. Optimizing the PSC geometries to maximize the power transfer efficiency of the wireless link is imperative to reduce the size of the external energy source, heating of the tissue, and interference with other devices. Implantable devices need to be hermetically sealed in biocompatible materials and placed in a conductive environment with high permittivity (tissue), which can affect the PSC characteristics. We have constructed a detailed model that includes the effects of the surrounding environment on the PSC parasitic components and eventually on the power transfer efficiency. We have combined this model with an iterative design method that starts with a set of realistic design constraints and ends with the optimal PSC geometries. We applied our design methodology to optimize the wireless link of a 1-cm (2) implantable device example, operating at 13.56 MHz. Measurement results showed that optimized PSC pairs, coated with 0.3 mm of silicone, achieved 72.2%, 51.8%, and 30.8% efficiencies at a face-to-face relative distance of 10 mm in air, saline, and muscle, respectively. The PSC, which was optimized for air, could only bear 40.8% and 21.8% efficiencies in saline and muscle, respectively, showing that by including the PSC tissue environment in the design process the result can be more than a 9% improvement in the power transfer efficiency.

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  • The implant's surrounding tissue significantly influences power transfer efficiency.

    “The study emphasized that the implant’s surrounding tissue significantly influences power transfer efficiency (Jow and Ghovanloo, 2009).”

    From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Jow and Ghovanloo, 2009

  • A study on Printed Spiral Coils optimized for a 10 mm face-to-face distance achieved efficiencies of 72.2% in air, 51.8% in saline, and 30.8% in muscle tissue.

    “For example a study on Printed Spiral Coils (PSCs) tailored for intracranial neuroprosthetics with PSCs optimized for a 10 mm face-to-face distance achieved varying efficiencies depending on the environment: 72.2% in air, 51.8% in saline, and 30.8% in muscle tissue.”

    From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Jow and Ghovanloo, 2009

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References 36 · Cited by 241

Research works printed but not linked: 29

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Authors
Jow, U.-M., & Ghovanloo, M.
Affiliations
Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
ORCID
Ghovanloo, M.
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2009-10
Volume
3
Issue
5
Pages
339-347
ISSN
  • 1932-4545 (ISSN-L)
  • 1940-9990
DOI
10.1109/tbcas.2009.2025366
PMC
PMC2952973
OpenAlex
W2147761718
Cited by
241
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 24
FWCI
12.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html (vor)
Locations
  • IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • Industrial Technology Research Institute
  • Tatung University
  • National Taiwan University
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS062031)
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R21EB009437)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wireless Power Transfer Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Wireless Body Area Networks
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Keywords
near-field power transfer, power transfer efficiency, neuroprosthetics, biomedical implants, tissue permittivity, saline, muscle tissue, 13.56 MHz, iterative design optimization, parasitic components, silicone coating, hermetic sealing

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