Intentionality and Conflict in The Best Laid Plans Interactive Narrative Virtual Environment
Abstract
In this paper, we present The Best Laid Plans, an interactive narrative adventure game, and the planning technologies used to generate and adapt its story in real time. The game leverages computational models of intentionality and conflict when controlling the non-player characters (NPCs) to ensure they act believably and introduce challenge into the automatically generated narratives. We evaluate the game's ability to generate NPC behaviors that human players recognize as intentional and as conflicting with their plans. We demonstrate that players recognize these phenomena significantly more than in a control with no NPC actions and not significantly different from a control in which NPC actions are defined by a human author.
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Cited by
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Multiagent Narrative Experience Management as Story Graph Pruning
Ware, S., Garcia, E. T., Fisher, M., Shirvani, A., & Farrell, R. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Games · doi:10.1109/tg.2022.3177125 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Ware, S. G., & Young, R. M.
- Affiliations
- LSU New Orleans (US)
- North Carolina State University (US)
- ORCID
- Ware, Stephen G.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 402-411
- ISSN
- 1943-068X (ISSN-L)
- 1943-0698
- OpenAlex
- W2328072371
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science (Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence in Games
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Narrative Theory and Analysis
- Keywords
- interactive storytelling, adventure games, intentionality, conflict, non-player characters, adaptive storytelling
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