The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Embedding Cost Learning Framework Using GAN
Abstract
Successful adaptive steganography has mainly focused on embedding the payload while minimizing an appropriately defined distortion function. The application of deep learning to steganalysis has greatly challenged present adaptive steganographic methods, but has also shown the potential for the improvement of steganography. This paper proposes a distortion function generating a framework for steganography. It has three modules: a generator with a U-Net architecture to translate a cover image into an embedding change probability map, a no-pre-training-required double-tanh function to approximate the optimal embedding simulator while preserving gradient norm during backpropagation in the adversarial training, and an enhanced steganalyzer based on a convolution neural network together with multiple high pass filters as the discriminator. Extensive experimental results on different datasets have shown that the proposed framework outperforms the current state-of-the-art steganographic schemes. Moreover, the adversarial training time is reduced dramatically compared with the GAN-based automatic steganographic distortion learning framework (ASDL-GAN).
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Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation
Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P., & Brox, T. (2015) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24574-4_28 · Cited by 99,404
Densely Connected Convolutional Networks
Huang, G., Liu, Z., Van Der Maaten, L., & Weinberger, K. Q. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.243 · Cited by 48,566
Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift
Ioffe, S., & Szegedy, C. (2015) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1502.03167 · Cited by 27,818
Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networks
Isola, P., Zhu, J.-Y., Zhou, T., & Efros, A. A. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.632 · Cited by 22,930
Labaca-Castro, R. (2023) · Machine Learning under Malware Attack · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-40442-0_9 · Cited by 19,272
GAN（Generative Adversarial Nets）
(2017) · Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics · doi:10.3156/jsoft.29.5_177_2 · Cited by 19,270
Bengio, Y., Louradour, J., Collobert, R., & Weston, J. (2009) · Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning · doi:10.1145/1553374.1553380 · Cited by 5,366 · cited 1×
“4 bpp for 120,000 iterations, then fine-tuned the parameters for other payloads by using curriculum learning [21], [25], [34].”
BackgroundRich Models for Steganalysis of Digital Images
Fridrich, J., & Kodovsky, J. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2012.2190402 · Cited by 2,144
”Break Our Steganographic System”: The Ins and Outs of Organizing BOSS
Bas, P., Filler, T., & Pevný, T. (2011) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_5 · Cited by 1,250
Metadata
- Authors
- Yang, J., Ruan, D., Huang, J., Kang, X., & Shi, Y.-Q.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 15
- Pages
- 839-851
- ISSN
- 1556-6013 (ISSN-L)
- 1556-6021
- OpenAlex
- W2949862294
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 33
- FWCI
- 11.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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