CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 91Wireless Body Area NetworksWireless Power Transfer SystemsMicrowave Imaging and Scattering Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Numerical Characterization and Link Budget Evaluation of Wireless Implants Considering Different Digital Human Phantoms

Sani, A., Alomainy, A., Yang Hao·2009·IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
DOI 10.1109/tmtt.2009.2029770
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the radiation characteristics of gastric, bladder, and cardiac implants based on the finite-differences time-domain method. Simulations were performed at the medical implanted communication services (MICS) and the industrial, scientific, and medical radio bands, respectively, using three different digital inhomogeneous human phantoms (two male and one female models). The numerical analysis demonstrated that the radiation performances are strongly dependant on the location of wireless implants, as well as the body mass index of the subject. The results highlighted the significance of subject specific modeling when designing wireless implants. A link budget calculation was proposed for the communication between a left-ventricular wireless implant and an off-body base station as an example for MICS applications. It is demonstrated that, due to the presence of human tissues, the antenna radiation from wireless implants tends to be directive, and therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio in communication links is strongly dependent on the orientation of the human subject with respect to the base station.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/tmtt.2009.2029770

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 37

  1. 1998, Recommendation ITU-R SA 1346
  2. merli, 2009, influence of insulation for implanted antennas, Proc Eur Conf Antennas Propagation, 196
  3. hall, 2006, Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications
  4. 0, Calculation of the dielectric properties of body tissues
  5. 10.1109/TAP.2009.2014588 · DOI
  6. rappaport, 1999, Wireless Communications Principle and Practice
  7. johansson, 2004, performance of a radiolink between a base station and a medical implant utilizing the mics standard, 26th EMBS Conf, 2113
  8. 10.1109/8.202717 · DOI
  9. 10.1109/ECWT.2006.280449 · DOI
  10. 10.1109/TMTT.2008.919373 · DOI
  11. 10.1109/TAP.2008.916889 · DOI
  12. 10.1109/IWAT.2008.4511351 · DOI
  13. sani, 2009, numerical characterization of the radiation from implanted wireless source considering different digital phantoms, Proc Eur Conf Antennas Propagation, 459
  14. 10.1109/TMTT.2008.2004254 · DOI
  15. sansen, 1984, realization of a pressure telemetry capsule for cystometry, Proc Annu Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol, 711
  16. 10.1109/MMB.2002.1002331 · DOI
  17. 10.1038/35013140 · DOI · Paper page
  18. walton, 2005, The Heartpod Implantable Heart Failure Therapy System, 31s
  19. 10.1088/0031-9155/49/1/001 · DOI
  20. 10.1109/10.828152 · DOI
  21. 10.1006/jcph.1994.1159 · DOI
  22. 10.1088/0960-1317/17/5/R02 · DOI
  23. 10.1109/TBME.2003.809474 · DOI
  24. 10.1109/5.662875 · DOI
  25. 10.1109/10.568919 · DOI
  26. 10.1109/TMTT.2004.832018 · DOI
  27. 10.1109/TMTT.2004.831976 · DOI
  28. 10.1109/TBME.1986.325660 · DOI
  29. 10.1109/TAP.2009.2014531 · DOI
  30. 10.1109/IEMBS.1994.415299 · DOI
  31. 10.1054/jcaf.2002.32373 · DOI
  32. 10.1161/01.CIR.96.9.2978 · DOI
  33. best, 2008, imperial heart implant pulses rf piezo oscillator, Electron Weekly
  34. 0, 'International Telecommunications Union-Radiocommunications (ITU-R) radio regulations section 5 138 and 5 150
  35. 2003, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) code of federal regulations (CFR) title 47 part 95 MCIS band plan
  36. taflove, 1995, Computational Electrodynamics The Finite Difference Time Domain Method
  37. 2002, E T S Institute Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM) Radio Equipment in the Frequency Range 402 MHz to 405 MHz for Ultra Low Power Active Medical Implants and Accessories Part 1 Technical Characteristics Including Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements and Test Methods European Telecommunications Standards Institute

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 91

Metadata

Authors
Sani, A., Alomainy, A., & Hao, Y.
Affiliations
University of London (GB)
ORCID
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2009-10
Volume
57
Issue
10
Pages
2605-2613
ISSN
  • 0018-9480 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-9670
DOI
10.1109/tmtt.2009.2029770
OpenAlex
W2158020367
Cited by
91
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
FWCI
4.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html (vor)
Locations
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Wireless Body Area Networks
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wireless Power Transfer Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
Keywords
wireless implants, link budget, antenna radiation, cardiac implantable electronic devices, MICS band, ISM band, body mass index, subject-specific modeling, signal-to-noise ratio, antenna directivity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Numerical Characterization and Link Budget Evaluation of Wireless Implants Considering Different Digital Human Phantoms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tmtt.2009.2029770
The paper
Sani, A., Alomainy, A., & Hao, Y. (2009). Numerical Characterization and Link Budget Evaluation of Wireless Implants Considering Different Digital Human Phantoms. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2009.2029770