The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On Energy Storage Requirements in Modular Multilevel Converters
Abstract
The modular multilevel converter is a promising topology for high-voltage and high-power applications. By using submodules equipped with dc-capacitors excellent output voltage waveforms can be obtained at low switching frequencies. The rated energy storage of the submodule capacitors is a driving factor of the size, cost, and weight of the submodules. Although the modular multilevel converter has been thoroughly investigated in the literature, a more detailed analysis of the energy-storage requirements will provide an important contribution for dimensioning and analysis of modular multilevel converters. Such an analysis is presented in this paper. The analysis relates the power transfer capability to the stored energy in the converter and the findings are validated by both simulations and experimental results. The required size of the submodule capacitors in a 4.5 MW grid-connected converter is first calculated and the calculated operating range is then compared with simulation results. The experimental results show that if the average capacitor voltage is allowed to increase 10% above the nominal value an energy storage to power transfer ratio of 21 J/kW can be achieved. It is concluded that the presented theory can relate the power transfer capability to the energy storage in the converter and is thus a valuable tool in the design and analysis of modular multilevel converters.
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Citations
Cites
An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide power range
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Dynamic Performance of a Modular Multilevel Back-to-Back HVDC System
Saeedifard, M., & Iravani, R. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2010.2050787 · Cited by 1,188
Modulation, Losses, and Semiconductor Requirements of Modular Multilevel Converters
Rohner, S., Bernet, S., Hiller, M., & Sommer, R. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2031187 · Cited by 934
New transformerless, scalable Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC-transmission
Allebrod, S., Hamerski, R., & Marquardt, R. (2008) · 2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference · doi:10.1109/pesc.2008.4591920 · Cited by 785
Marquardt, R. (2010) · The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA - · doi:10.1109/ipec.2010.5544594 · Cited by 773
A New AC/AC Multilevel Converter Family
Glinka, M., & Marquardt, R. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2005.843973 · Cited by 772
On dynamics and voltage control of the Modular Multilevel Converter
Antonopoulos, A., Ängquist, L., & Nee, H. (2009) · European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications · Cited by 729
Self-citationA Medium-Voltage Motor Drive With a Modular Multilevel PWM Inverter
Hagiwara, M., Nishimura, K., & Akagi, H. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2010.2042303 · Cited by 670
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Self-citationA new modular voltage source inverter topology
Marquardt, R. (2003) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 503
Cited by
Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Applications: Review on Converter Cells and Functionalities
Nami, A., Liang, J., Dijkhuizen, F., & Demetriades, G. D. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2014.2327641 · Cited by 1,042
Design and Operation of a Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter
Zeng, R., Xu, L., Yao, L., & Williams, B. W. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2014.2320822 · Cited by 455
Pou, J., Ceballos, S., Konstantinou, G., Agelidis, V. G., Picas, R., & Zaragoza, J. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2014.2336608 · Cited by 406
Design and Control of Modular Multilevel Converters for Battery Electric Vehicles
Quraan, M., Yeo, T., & Tricoli, P. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2015.2408435 · Cited by 204
Merlin, M. M. C., Soto-Sanchez, D., Judge, P. D., Chaffey, G., Clemow, P., Green, T. C., Trainer, D. R., & Dyke, K. J. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2017.2723948 · Cited by 142
Metadata
- Authors
- Ilves, K., Norrga, S., Harnefors, L., & Nee, H.-P.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-88
- ISSN
- 0885-8993 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0107
- OpenAlex
- W2074228115
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 16.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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