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Accurate Capacitor Voltage Ripple Estimation and Current Control Considerations for Grid-Connected Modular Multilevel Converters
Open accessAbstract
In this paper, the analytical solution for the submodule voltage ripple equations of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is derived, based on the knowledge of the external voltage/current magnitudes, and enhancing a concept previously presented in the literature. In order to achieve high accuracy, all passive elements of the converter, common-mode voltage injection as well as intentionally imposed circulating current harmonics are taken into consideration. The natural charge level mechanism of the capacitor voltages is also explained. As application examples, the three- as well as the two-phase grid-connected MMC cases are chosen. The control of line and circulating currents is also discussed and two respective independent feedback loops are formed. The concept of fictive-axis emulation is tailored for the two-phase MMC case, in order to achieve vector control of the line current and therefore straightforward desired injection of active and reactive power. Finally, the development of a reduced-scale laboratory prototype is presented and a full set of experimental results are provided, verifying the aforementioned concepts.
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In a motor drive, where the ac operating frequency can be lower than the grid, the capacitor voltage ripple increases and impacts the performance of the whole control system.
“However, in a motor drive, where the ac operating frequency can be lower than the grid, the capacitor voltage ripple increases and impacts the performance of the whole control system [93].”
From Modular Multilevel Converters: Recent Achievements and Challenges (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
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Research works printed but not linked: 15
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pou, J., Ceballos, S., Konstantinou, G., Agelidis, V. G., Picas, R., & Zaragoza, J. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2014.2336608 · Cited by 406
Modular Multilevel Converters: Recent Achievements and Challenges
Perez, M. A., Ceballos, S., Konstantinou, G., Pou, J., & Aguilera, R. P. (2021) · IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society · doi:10.1109/ojies.2021.3060791 · Cited by 327
“creases and impacts the performance of the whole control system [93].”
BackgroundAnalysis and Injection Control of Circulating Current for Modular Multilevel Converters
Wang, J., Han, X., Ma, H., & Bai, Z. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2808901 · Cited by 109
Zhou, D., Yang, S., & Tang, Y. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2863181 · Cited by 88
A Postfault Strategy to Control the Modular Multilevel Converter Under Submodule Failure
Yang, Q., Qin, J., & Saeedifard, M. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2015.2449875 · Cited by 69
Optimized Design and Control for Hybrid MMC With Reduced Capacitance Requirements
Dong, P., Lyu, J., & Cai, X. (2018) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2018.2869400 · Cited by 37
Yang, R., Li, B., Wang, G., Cecati, C., Zhou, S., & Xu, D. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2016.2600762 · Cited by 37
Yang, H., Li, W., Lin, L., & He, X. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2017.2721961 · Cited by 33
Impedance modeling of modular multilevel converters by harmonic linearization
Lyu, J., Chen, Q., & Cai, X. (2016) · 2016 IEEE 17th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL) · doi:10.1109/compel.2016.7556719 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Vasiladiotis, M., Cherix, N., & Rufer, A.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4568-4579
- ISSN
- 0885-8993 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0107
- OpenAlex
- W2056484235
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 9.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Multilevel Inverters and Converters
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Microgrid Control and Optimization
- Keywords
- modular multilevel converter, circulating current control, common-mode voltage injection, vector control, grid-connected converters, scale model
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