Grammars of Spoken English: New Outcomes of Corpus‐Oriented Research
Abstract
Recently work on the grammar of spoken English has advanced through the use of large, general, and varied corpora of the language, including corpora of spoken discourse. Here I review the research that has been emerging from the availability of such corpora, much of it emphasizing the need for new ways ofconceptualizing spoken grammar, to replace the traditional reliance on grammatical models oriented to written language. Although such research tends to stress the need for a new descriptive apparatus for the language of speech, I present arguments for the view that spoken and written language utilize the same basic grammatical repertoire, however different their implementations of it may be.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Collocations are even more frequent in spoken language than in written language.
“Comparisons of written and spoken corpora demonstrate that collocations are even more frequent in spoken language (Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad, & Finegan, 1999; Brazil, 1995; Leech, 2000).”
From FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING: A Review with Implications for Theories of Implicit and Explicit Language Acquisition (2002) · cites this paper as Leech, 2000
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ellis, N. C. (2002) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263102002024 · Cited by 2,230 · see citing works
Research paper titles in literature, linguistics and science: dimensions of attraction
Haggan, M. (2004) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/s0378-2166(03)00090-0 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Ellis, N. C., O'Donnell, M. B., & Römer, U. (2014) · Cognitive Linguistics · doi:10.1515/cog-2013-0031 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Applying corpus linguistics in a health care context
Adolphs, S., Brown, B., Carter, R., Crawford, P., & Sahota, O. (2004) · Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1558/japl.1.1.9.55871 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leech, G.
- Affiliations
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Leech, Geoffrey
- Venue
- Language Learning
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 675-724
- ISSN
- 0023-8333 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9922
- OpenAlex
- W2056035673
- Cited by
- 250
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Language Learning (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Keywords
- written vs. spoken language, grammatical models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review