Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 257

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Reproducible, flexible and high‐throughput data extraction from primary literature: The metaDigitise r package

Open access
Pick, Joel L., Nakagawa, Shinichi, Noble, Daniel W. A.·2019·Methods in Ecology and Evolution

Abstract

Research synthesis, such as comparative and meta‐analyses, requires the extraction of effect sizes from primary literature, which are commonly calculated from descriptive statistics. However, the exact values of such statistics are commonly hidden in figures. Extracting descriptive statistics from figures can be a slow process that is not easily reproducible. Additionally, current software lacks an ability to incorporate important metadata (e.g. sample sizes, treatment/variable names) about experiments and is not integrated with other software to streamline analysis pipelines. Here we present the r package metaDigitise which extracts descriptive statistics such as means, standard deviations and correlations from four plot types: (a) mean/error plots (e.g. bar graphs with standard errors), (b) box plots, (c) scatter plots and (d) histograms. metaDigitise is user‐friendly and easy to learn as it interactively guides the user through the data extraction process. Notably, it enables large‐scale extraction by automatically loading image files, letting the user stop processing, edit and add to the resulting data‐frame at any point. Digitised data can be easily re‐plotted and checked, facilitating reproducible data extraction from plots with little inter‐observer bias. We hope that by making the process of figure extraction more flexible and easy to conduct, it will improve the transparency and quality of meta‐analyses in the future.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/2041-210x.13118

Cites

15 of 15 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 15 references

Cited by

See all 257

Metadata

Authors
Pick, J. L., Nakagawa, S., & Noble, D. W. A.
Venue
Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-11-26
Volume
10
Issue
3
Pages
426-431
ISSN
2041-210X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2952314317
Cited by
257
References
15
FWCI
9.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Reproducible, flexible and high‐throughput data extraction from primary literature: The metaDigitise r package. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/2041-210x.13118
The paper
Pick, J. L., Nakagawa, S., & Noble, D. W. A. (2019). Reproducible, flexible and high‐throughput data extraction from primary literature: The metaDigitise r package. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.13118

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.